Research On The Impact Of Industrial Agglomeration On Green Total Factor Productivity

At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the CPC Central Committee made it clear that we should unswervingly implement the concept of sustainable development,protect the ecological environment while vigorously developing the economy,and achieve high-quality economic development.The report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that innovation is the key to high-quality development and the key to promoting green economy.Promoting green development and improving green total factor productivity has become an important task and goal of economic development.Industrial economy is the "booster" of China’s economic take-off since the reform and opening up.Industrial agglomeration affects the improvement of China’s green total factor productivity and high-quality economic development through agglomeration effect and crowding effect.Among them,industrial agglomeration can affect the improvement of technological innovation level through resource sharing effect,competition effect and diffusion effect,and then affect green total factor productivity.Therefore,in the process and mechanism of industrial agglomeration affecting green total factor productivity,there exists the intermediary conduction effect and mechanism of technological innovation.Based on this,this paper brings technological innovation into the research framework to investigate the mediating effect and mechanism of technological innovation in the process of industrial agglomeration affecting green total factor productivity,and to explore different sources of technological innovation and industry the different effect of heterogeneity,with rich industrial cluster,technical innovation and green total factor productivity of theoretical and empirical research,provide decision support to the development of green and high quality.Based on the above background and ideas,this paper uses EG index and EBM-GML model to measure the agglomeration level and green total factor productivity of 20 industrial sectors in China from2006 to 2016 respectively.In addition,descriptive analysis and explanation are given to industrial agglomeration index and green total factor productivity index.On this basis,the regression equation of industrial agglomeration and green total factor productivity is constructed.The generalized least square method(FGLS)is used to explore the impact of industrial agglomeration on green total factor productivity,and the heterogeneity of industry is discussed.Furthermore,a mediation model is constructed by taking technological innovation as a mediating variable,and technological innovation is divided into independent innovation,technology introduction and government support according to source mode.The mediating effect difference of technological innovation with different source mode on the relationship between heterogeneous industry agglomeration and green total factor productivity is discussed.The empirical results show that:(1)There is an inverted "U"-shaped relationship between industrial agglomeration and green total factor productivity,that is,there is an "increase first and then depress" effect.Considering industry heterogeneity,there is an inverted "U"-shaped relationship between technology-intensive industrial agglomeration and green total factor productivity,and an inverted "U"-shaped relationship between labor-intensive industrial agglomeration and green total factor productivity.There is no nonlinear relationship between resource-intensive industrial agglomeration and green total factor productivity.During the study period,the overall industrial agglomeration level did not exceed the inflection point,and the industrial agglomeration effect played a leading role in promoting the improvement of green total factor productivity.The average concentration level of technology-intensive and labor-intensive industries has not exceeded the inflection point,which also plays a role in promoting the improvement of green total factor productivity.(2)During the research period,China’s industrial green total factor productivity showed an increasing trend,and the level of green total factor productivity and green technological progress showed the heterogeneity of technology-intensive industries with the highest level and resource-intensive industries with the lowest level.At the same time,it is found that technological progress is the main reason affecting green total factor productivity of the whole industry,and this conclusion is also supported at the level of technology-intensive,labor-intensive and resource-intensive industries.(3)Considering the mediating effect of the source of technological innovation: in terms of independent innovation,the mediating effect exists in technology-intensive,labor-intensive and resource-intensive industries,accounting for 15.6%,8.4% and 4.6%,respectively.In other words,agglomeration indirectly promotes the improvement of green total factor productivity through promoting independent innovation;In terms of technology import,only technology-intensive industries have a mediating effect,accounting for 0.7%,that is,such industry agglomeration can indirectly promote the improvement of green total factor productivity through promoting technology import.As far as government support is concerned,there is only a mediating effect in resource-intensive industries,accounting for 11.5%.In other words,such industry agglomeration can indirectly promote the improvement of green total factor productivity by promoting government support.According to the above conclusions,the following policy implications can be drawn: to guide the appropriate industrial agglomeration,avoid excessive agglomeration,give full play to the positive externalities of agglomeration,so as to achieve effective agglomeration and achieve a win-win situation of economic and environmental performance of agglomeration;Change the concept and mode of green development,strengthen the innovation-driven mechanism,enhance independent innovation capacity,give full play to the intermediary effect and mechanism of technological innovation in industrial agglomeration,and improve green total factor productivity;Attention should be paid to the selection of technological innovation paths in different industrial clusters,and appropriate technological innovation paths should be selected according to the characteristics of industrial industries in order to maximize the utility of innovation input.