| Due to the serious interference of human activities and the occurrence of some natural disasters,great changes have taken place in the environment,climate and vegetation composition in the ecosystem,especially the original forest has been destroyed and gradually replaced by artificial forest.As an important part of ecosystem protection strategy,the reserve is established to protect the primitive forest from being destroyed.Understanding the changes of organisms in the reserve with time,space,environment and vegetation can effectively protect the biodiversity in the area.Staphylinidae,as a member of Coleoptera,the largest order of Insecta,is one of the most abundant groups in forest ecosystem,which plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of ecosystem.Therefore,the study of species composition and diversity change of Rove Beetles is helpful to understand the function of forest ecosystem,and provide a theoretical basis for forest biodiversity protection and ecosystem restoration.Therefore,in order to explore the background resources and diversity changes of Rove Beetles in Mangshan National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province,and maintain the role of Rove Beetles in the ecological balance of Mangshan National Nature Reserve,and to further promote the research of Rove Beetles,the author used flight interception trap(FIT),malaise trap(MT)and Pitfall trap(PT)three passive collection methods for long-term monitoring,collection and systematic study of Rove Beetles in Mangshan nature reserve.Through biodiversity theory and biodiversity analysis methods,this paper expounds the community composition and community diversity of Rove Beetles in Mangshan National Nature Reserve in Hunan Province,and analyzes the change trend of species diversity of Rove Beetles from different angles(altitude gradient,monthly dynamics).The main results are as follows:1.A total of 2135 Rove Beetles were collected in this survey,belonging to 111 species,45 genera and 9 subfamilies.The genus,species and individual number of Staphylininae are the most abundant,reaching 1267 heads of 63 species in 25 genera,accounting for 55.56%,56.76% and 58.85% respectively.The Diversity index of Rove Beetles in the reserve is 3.828,the Richness index is 2.392,the Dominance index is 0.1217 and the Evenness index is 0.414.Generally speaking,the ecological conditions of the reserve are good,the species of Rove Beetles are rich and the community structure is complex.The species abundance distribution map shows an inverted “J” shape,i.e.logarithmic series distribution,indicating that most species have only a small number of individuals,while the number of individuals of only a few species accounts for a high proportion of the total number of individuals,which is in line with the niche priority hypothesis.2.There are 11 species with more than 50 individuals of Rove Beetles collected in the survey,accounting for 9.90% of the total species,but their individual number(1132)accounts for 53.02% of the total individuals.These 11 species constitute the dominant group of Rove Beetles in the reserve.Only one of 26 species,including Rhynchocheilus monstrosipes,Quedius spectinatus and Quedius antennalis,is a rare species in the reserve,accounting for 23.42% of the total species.3.The diversity indexes of Rove Beetles in different altitude gradients(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)showed that the species of Rove Beetles in altitude gradient Ⅰ were poor and the dominant species were prominent,but its community structure was relatively stable;Altitude gradient II is the transition gradient from low altitude to medium altitude;The species of Rove Beetles in altitude gradient Ⅲ are rich,the structure is complex,the dominant species are prominent and concentrated;The species of altitude gradient IV are relatively poor compared with altitude gradient III.The species number,individual number,diversity index and richness index of altitude gradient Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of altitude gradient Ⅰ.The similarity coefficient between species of Rove Beetles at different altitude gradients ranged from 0.25 to0.75.Among them,altitude gradients III and IV were moderately similar,and the rest were moderately dissimilar.4.During the investigation period,the temporal dynamics of Rove Beetles in the reserve showed obvious seasonality.The number of individuals basically shows the law of rising first and then falling,that is,single peak,showing the minimum value in February and reaching the peak in May.The change of species number showed double peaks,with a minimum in February and two peaks in May and August.The changes of species diversity index between months showed double peaks,and the minimum and peak values of species diversity index were different.The similarity analysis between different months shows that there are medium dissimilarity and very dissimilarity.Among them,the similarity index between May and August is the highest,which is medium dissimilarity,and the similarity index between July and October is the lowest,which is very dissimilarity.This study provides investigation materials and scientific basis for the protection,development,utilization and sustainable development of Rove Beetles diversity in Mangshan National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province. |
