Habitat Selection Of Pachytriton Xanthospilos In Mangshan National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province

Pachytriton xanthospilos(Wu,Wang,and Hanken,2012)belongs to Amphibia,Caudata,Salamandridae,Pachytriton,distributed in Nanling Mountains at the convergence of province Hunan province and Guangdong province.It has not been reported in other places,and is a rare endemic species in China.At present,the research report of Pachytriton xanthospilos is limited to classification,morphological description and genetic differentiation,etc.In terms of its habitat selection basically in a blank state.Therefore,studying on habitat selection about Pachytriton xanthospilos can not only make up the blank of this area and provide some basic information for other studies,also play a role for guidance on how to protect the species.In 2016~2017,using direct counting method,sample method and interview survey method to investigate the population,distribution and habitat of Pachytriton xanthospilos in Mang Mountain National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province.The survey refers to observing and recording the sex ratio,and characteristics of Pachytriton xanthospilos.Altitude,air temperature,water temperature,river width,surface width,water depth,pH value,water soluble solid content,the distance of the road and other habitat index were measured by using relevant instruments.The research results show that the Pachytriton xanthospilos generally live in the altitude of 1000 ~ 1500 m thick jungle mountainous area.The vegetation is given priority to with evergreen broad-leaved forest,mixed with a small amount of bamboo.There is no individual at an altitude of 990 m below.The main habitat is the mountain streams outside 100 m from the road,which width are 1.6 ~ 3.0m,Gulley stone base,scattered with stones of different size,has a small number of coarse sand and water accumulation humus;Water cool and refreshing,the velocity is relatively flat.They often stay on stream waters.Active individuals are not found in the shoreside.Pachytriton xanthospilos mostly hide under the stone and occasionally wander during the day.While they would crawl and prey on the rocks in the night.In these streams,there are tenants of the genus Mustapaceae Leptobrachium,Xenophrys tadpoles,Quasipaa tadpoles.etc.Anatomy article 6(4 females and 2 males)adult,fat stomach there is a link of animals,insects,spiders,tadpoles not digested the dead animals,etc.Adult start activing out from under the stone in February.As temperatures rise,rainfall increased,its activities increased gradually.Gulley females significantly greater than the number of males,and breeding season is September to December.In late September they began to breed,female abdominal cavity has a large number of mature eggs.The female body generally larger than the males,the tail is longer,axillary span slightly larger,base slightly rough.Breeding male and female individual exists difference in the form: the male than female individuals around the anus hole enlargement,obviously the lips of uplift,anal fissure males than females,male fat along the anus hole wall have reproductive mastoid villous,trailing edge.The female anal fissure is shorter without villous reproductive mastoid.After morphological measurement,although adult male and female individual exist certain differences in morphology,but we cannot distinguish between male and female individuals by measured number in morphological data.For the identification of the species,need to distinguish the individual cloacae differences of male and female along with anatomical methods.