Calculation And Improvement Of Agricultural Water Resources Utilization Efficiency In Shaanxi Province

The Yellow River Basin is a very important food production base and ecological function area in China,and its water resources status is closely related to national ecological security.Shaanxi Province,as part of the Yellow River Basin,the improvement of its agricultural water use efficiency is both an important step to promote its own agricultural water conservation work and also related to the sustainable agricultural development of the Yellow River Basin.The current agricultural water use in Shaanxi Province is under double pressure: on the one hand,the agricultural water consumption remains high.In 2020,the agricultural irrigation water consumption in Shaanxi Province will rise from 5 billion m~3 in 2011 to 5.3 billion m~3 in 2020,with an average annual growth rate of 0.65%,which is much higher than the national average(-0.30%);on the other hand,there is a mismatch between water and soil resources: northern Shaanxi has the province’s arable land area of 34.8% of the province’s arable land,its agricultural irrigation water consumption accounts for only 10.2% of the province,while the arable land in southern Shaanxi accounts for only 17.9% of the province,but the agricultural irrigation water consumption accounts for 36.1% of the province.In the face of such a serious agricultural water situation,Shaanxi Province must insist on following what General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the symposium on ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,"insisting on ecological priority,green development,water-dependent and water-measured",considering ecological protection as a prerequisite for development in Shaanxi Province and water resources as a constraint for development,we will accelerate the realization of agricultural water use in Shaanxi Province from crude to intensive,and promote water conservation and sustainable agricultural development in Shaanxi Province.This paper takes theories such as water resources value theory and water resources optimal allocation theory as the theoretical guidance to improve the agricultural water resources utilization efficiency in Shaanxi Province,selects irrigation water consumption,total agricultural machinery power,crop sowing area and fertilizer application discount as input indicators,and takes total agricultural output value as output indicator.The spatial and temporal characteristics of agricultural water use efficiency in Shaanxi Province are revealed by using the economic center of gravity model,standard deviation ellipse,Moran’s I,Dagum’s Gini coefficient and Markov chain,and on this basis,the spatial and temporal differences of different influencing factors are explored by means of the spatial and temporal geographically weighted model(GTWR),and the results show that:(1)the agricultural water use efficiency in Shaanxi Province from 2011 to 2020 shows a fluctuating downward trend,with a low overall level and an average value of only 0.796;(2)the spatial pattern of agricultural water use efficiency in Shaanxi Province is dominated by the "northeast-southwest" direction,with the center of gravity moving to the southeast;(3)the spatially negative correlation of agricultural water use efficiency in Shaanxi Province and the spatial differences show a widening trend;(4)there is spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the effects of various factors.Overall,the level of water-saving irrigation,the level of agricultural economy,environmental factors and the structure of water supply play a suppressive role in the efficiency of agricultural water use in Shaanxi Province,while the structure of cultivation plays a catalytic role.The research results are important for alleviating the agricultural water shortage in Shaanxi Province and formulating agricultural water use countermeasures suitable for the development of each prefecture according to local conditions.