| Since the evolution of traditional dwellings,they have integrated the different environmental characteristics of the region where the dwellings are located and the construction wisdom of craftsmen.They are the organic products of buildings adapting to the climate and natural environment.The architectural climate adaptability reflected in their construction techniques has gradually become a hot topic in related research fields.Anyang area has a profound historical heritage,and the architectural characteristics of traditional dwellings are jointly affected by natural factors and social environment.Therefore,the research on climate adaptability of traditional dwellings in this area can not only supplement the research on local dwellings,but also enrich the research on climate adaptability of traditional dwellings in this area.In order to study the climate adaptation strategies of traditional dwellings in Anyang area,this thesis takes typical traditional dwellings in Anyang as the research object,follows the research idea of finding problems-analyzing problems-solving problems,and adopts field investigation,field measurement,software simulation and other methods to conclude the climate adaptation strategies of traditional dwellings in this area.Finally,typical residential houses in Anyang area were selected for climate adaptability optimization design,forming the climate adaptability design method of traditional residential houses in Anyang area,providing theoretical basis and case reference for improving the climate adaptability of traditional residential houses in this area.First of all,through the field research on courtyard space and monomer building,the architectural characteristics and climate adaptability characteristics of traditional dwellings in Anyang area are qualitatively analyzed,and the formation reasons,architectural characteristics and climate adaptability advantages of traditional dwellings in group and monomer scales are summarized,and the model of typical traditional dwellings in this area is established.Secondly,the traditional residential buildings in Anyang area were surveyed and surveyed,and the physical environment of temperature,humidity and wind speed was measured in winter and summer from appropriate building measuring points.It was found that there were problems such as low ventilation efficiency and poor thermal comfort in the interior of traditional residential buildings in this area.At the same time,combined with the software simulation analysis of the traditional residential climate factors in Anyang area,it is found that the envelope structure and ventilation are the main factors affecting the climate adaptability of the local traditional residential buildings,but also the most effective passive optimization foothold.Thirdly,the PHOENICS software was used to simulate the climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings in Anyang area by controlling variables.The Phoenics software was used to analyze the impacts on the spatial climate adaptability of courtyards from five aspects: courtyard proportion,courtyard layout,courtyard form,building floor number and building floor height.Combined with Lvjian Siwei ITES2023 software,the influences on the climate adaptability of individual buildings were analyzed from eight aspects,including wall structure,sash depth,eave depth,window wall proportion,gable window opening and roof slope,and the optimal values of different influencing factors were quantified.Finally,combined with the previous research conclusions,18 climate adaptability optimization strategies are proposed for traditional dwellings in Anyang area from the five aspects of site layout,plane function,courtyard scale,individual scale and enclosure structure,and Daotai courtyard(three-jin courtyard)of Zhang Hanlin old residence in Anyang city is selected for climate adaptability optimization design.In order to verify the feasibility of the optimization strategy,the software was used to simulate the residential buildings before and after the renovation.The results showed that after the renovation,the average indoor temperature on the coldest day in winter increased by about 6.7℃,the average indoor temperature on the hottest day in summer decreased by about 1.6℃,and the annual indoor thermal comfort ratio increased by about 3.47% on average.The average wind speed of the courtyard increased by 0.08m/s in winter and 0.41m/s in summer,so the climate adaptability of the traditional residential buildings was greatly improved after the renovation.To sum up,this study puts forward a relatively systematic climate adaptive reconstruction strategy for Anyang traditional residential buildings,which has certain guiding significance for the reconstruction and construction of buildings in this area. |
