Measurement And Empirical Analysis Of Green Total Factor Productivity Of China’s Marine Economy

In 2021,China’s marine gross domestic product exceeded 9 trillion yuan for the first time,reaching 9038.5 billion yuan,an increase of 8.3% year-on-year,achieving a good start to the "14th Five Year Plan".The goal of building a maritime power proposed at the18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has been elevated to a national strategy,and the role of the marine economy in the national economic development pattern has become more prominent.In the first year of the "14th Five Year Plan",the "14th Five Year Plan" Marine Economic Development Plan(referred to as the "Plan")clearly stated the need to promote high-quality development of the marine economy,build a marine power with Chinese characteristics,and further enhance the important position of marine economic development in national economic development.In 2020,with the impact of the complex international environment and the impact of the COVID-19,the development of the marine economy will face severe challenges.The circulation of protective equipment has aggravated the marine plastic pollution,which has a negative impact on the marine green development.In this situation,protecting the marine ecological environment,improving the development quality of the marine economy,and improving the green development level of the marine economy are of great practical significance for achieving the healthy operation and sustainable growth of the marine economy.This paper aims to study the green total factor productivity of the marine economy in the context of high-quality development of the marine economy.Firstly,it selects panel data from 11 coastal provinces and cities from 2006 to 2019,constructs an ultra efficient SBM model and a global total factor productivity index model that include capital,labor,resources,and energy input factors,and reasonably considers unexpected output factors,Calculate the green total factor productivity index and decomposition value of the marine economy across the country and coastal provinces;Secondly,it analyzes the static and dynamic change trends and regular changes of green total factor productivity of the marine economy,understands the overall development trend of the marine economy,and analyzes the redundancy of input and output factors to explore the specific improvement direction of green total factor productivity of China’s marine economy from the perspective of factors;Finally,regional differences in the green total factor productivity of the marine economy in the three major marine economic circles and provinces are analyzed,and the types of changes are classified.After reaching the conclusions of this study,targeted recommendations are proposed.The research shows that:(1)The overall performance of the green total factor productivity of the marine economy is good,and the efficiency value is increasing.This indicates that China’s marine economy is gradually developing towards a green and sustainable direction,and the development and utilization of marine resources and energy is gradually shifting towards an intensive direction.The attention paid to the marine environment and investment in marine environmental governance are also gradually increasing.(2)The improvement of green technological progress in the marine economy is the main driving force for the growth of green total factor productivity in the marine economy.The level of green technological efficiency in the marine economy has different directions in different periods.Overall,the marine economy GTFP index has achieved an average annual growth of 13.1%,while the marine economy EC index and the marine economy TC index have increased by 6% and 8%,respectively.The promotion of technological efficiency is less than the level of technological progress.The growth stages of green total factor productivity in the marine economy can be divided into the early,middle,and late stages.The growth stages of green total factor productivity in the marine economy can be divided into early,middle,and late stages.In the early and late stages,the level of green technology progress in the marine economy plays a promoting role,while green technology efficiency plays an inhibiting role.In the medium term,green technology progress and green technology efficiency jointly promote the level of green total factor productivity in the marine economy.(3)The regional differences in green total factor productivity of the marine economy are significant,showing a trend of first expanding and then narrowing.Due to the dependence on independent development of natural resources in the early stage,different resource endowments in various provinces have led to an expansion of regional differences.In the later stage,the level of national attention has been continuously improved,supplemented by corresponding policy support,and the differences have gradually narrowed.The three major marine economic circles have shown different trends of change.The efficiency level of the Bohai Rim marine economic circle has shifted from growth to a slight downward trend.The Yangtze River Delta marine economic circle has the best development momentum,with continuous growth and rising growth rate levels.Although the efficiency level of the Pearl River Delta marine economic circle is in a growth state,the growth rate has decreased.(4)The pure technological efficiency and scale effect of each province have improved.According to the degree of application of regional scientific and technological level,investment in resources,and the ability to meet regional development needs,regions are divided into four types.The first type is that the green pure technological efficiency has significantly improved while the green scale effect has also significantly improved,including Liaoning Province,Tianjin City,Zhejiang Province,and Fujian Province,The second category is those with less improvement in green pure technology efficiency and significant improvement in green scale effect,including Hainan,Shandong,Guangdong,and Shanghai.The third category is that with significant improvement in green pure technology efficiency and less improvement in green scale effect,including Jiangsu,Guangxi,and Hebei provinces.The fourth category is that with no significant improvement in green pure technology efficiency and green scale effect,no province currently falls into this category.(5)Improving the green total factor productivity of the marine economy cannot be separated from the protection of the marine environment and the increase in investment.There are differences among provinces.The specific differences are as follows: Tianjin,Shanghai,and Shandong have been driving the national average level up,not only focusing on reducing pollution emissions,but also paying attention to environmental protection,with strong economic support;The comprehensive index of marine environment in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Guangxi,and Hebei has increased significantly.In the later stage,Jiangsu and Zhejiang also exceeded the national average,and their investment continues to rise;Environmental pollution in Hebei and Liaoning is relatively serious,and governance efforts are also significantly insufficient.Hainan is not declining but rising,with weak environmental awareness and increased pollution.Finally,make reasonable suggestions:(1)High-quality development and utilization of marine resources,optimizing the structure of marine industry;(2)Cultivate high-tech talents in the marine economy and improve the innovation ability and technological progress level of the marine economy;(3)Adjust the energy structure and improve the utilization rate of clean energy.