| Nanhaizi Nature Reserve wetland is located at Donghe District of Baotou City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.It is a well-protected wetland around the edge city of Inner Mongolia,and it is also the necessary route for many global bird migration channels,the importance of the observation and study of birds recorded is extremely extraordinary.Through the field investigation and research,and the normalization monitoring of birds in the Reserve from June 2017 to April 2020,this thesis studies the number of bird populations,community dynamics and bird habitat selection during the period,with the purpose of providing reference for the ecological protection and restoration of the Reserve and the construction of bird habitats.The main research results are as follows:1.During the observation period of three years,84 species of birds belonging to 11 orders and 28 families were recorded in Nanhaizi Nature Reserve wetland,including 35 species of travelling birds,39 species of summer migratory birds and 3 species of winter migratory birds.Among them,the most observed birds are Tadorna ferruginea,Fulica atra,Anas platyrhynchos,Podiceps cristatus,Larus ridibundus and Anas strepera,accounting for 24.94%,12.28%,8.84%,6.85%,6.13% and 5.17% of the total number of observed birds,respectively.2.In the Reserve,the number of birds of Anseriformes Charadriiformes and Gruiformes for 53.23%,16.47% and 14.14% of the total.The frequency of occurrence was30.59%,19.1% and 18.0% respectively.Birds mainly including natatorial bird and wader bird account for 62.09% and 36.01% of the total bird resources respectively.3.In all records,there are 15 species of Passeriformes belonging to 10 families,accounting for 35.71% and 17.86% of the total families and species respectively;Among the families and genera,Anatidae of Yaniformes takes the first place in the total number of birds observed,accounting for 53.23%;Than is the family of Rallidae and Podicedidae,accounting for 12.29% and 7.48% respectively.The birds found in the Reserve accounted for 57.89%,41.18% and 18.22% of the recorded orders,families and species in Inner Mongolia,respectively.4.According to the observation records from June 2017 to April 2020,the summer migratory birds in the Reserve account for 46.43% of the total species;Traveling birds accounted for 41.67%;The resident birds account for 7.14%,while the migrant birds only account for 3.57%.The Palaearctic species of birds in the Reserve are 62.35%,followed by the Cosmopolitan species 31.76%,and the Oriental species only account for 5.88%.The breeding birds in the Reserves accounted for 53.57% of the total;Non-breeding birds account for 45.23%.5.In terms of annual quantity of Nanhaizi Wetland Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia is in the order of Anseriformes Anatidae,Gruiformes,Charadriiformes Laridae,Gruiformes,Ciconiiformes,Charadriiformes Charadriidae and Recurvirostridae,and in the order of species,Anseriformes Anatidae,Gruiformes,Charadriiformes Laridae,Charadriiformes Charadriidae and Recurvirostridae Gruiformes,Gruiformes Ciconiiformes.Seasonally,the number and species of birds are the largest in summer,followed by autumn.The overall activity pattern is from the middle of February to early May,which is the migration and mating period of birds;The breeding period of wetland migratory birds is from early May to early September;The migration period of migratory birds is from mid to late September to mid November.6.The Pielou index of Erhaizi is 0.6842,which is higher than 0.4788 in Breeding area and 0.4607 in Dahai Lake;3.6413 for shannon-wiener index of Erhaizi,2.5818 for Breeding area and 2.0838 for Dahai Lake;Margalef index of Erhaizi is 4.2947,Breeding area is 4.1604,and Dahai Lake is 2.6185.On the whole,although the diversity index fluctuates seasonally and interannually,it is the highest in Erhaizi,followed by the Breeding area,Dahai Lake.As a transitional zone,Erhaizi has a high level of diversity because its niche takes into account the characteristics of the latter two. |
PDF Full Text Request