A Study Of The Difference Between The Effects Of Post-activation Potentiation Effects On Jumping And Speed Ability Between Squats And Bulgarian Squats

Post-activation Potentiation,abbreviated as PAP,Brown,defines it as "a physiological phenomenon caused by the acute increase of muscle force speed or explosive force caused by the maximum intensity resistance exercise in a short time in advance".Some domestic scholars translate it into post-activation potentiation effect or postactivation potentiation effect.Due to the individual differences of athletes,as well as the external load,interval time,induction form and other factors used in resistance training,the final PAP effect will also be quite different.It is found that the PAP induction programs chosen by most scholars are mainly bilateral training movements,while the choice of unilateral training movements is less than that of bilateral training.Therefore,this paper chooses bilateral training action(squat)and unilateral training movement(Bulgarian squat)to explore the difference of PAP effect on jumping ability and speed ability.Objective: to explore the difference of PAP effect on jumping ability and speed ability of male college students majoring in sports training under the same load by using85%1RM intensity,Bulgarian squat in unilateral training and squatting in bilateral training.Compare the effect of squat and Bulgarian squat on the PAP effect of jumping and speed ability.Methods: The subjects selected 20 male college students majoring in sports training(age 20.5 ±2.0yrs,training years 4.8 ±2.6yrs).After the subjects had warmed up,they sat still for 5 minutes,and the subjects were tested for the benchmark value of their jumping ability or speed ability.After a 5-minute rest,the subjects activated PAP with 85%1RM.The jumping ability or speed ability was tested at 4,8 and 12 min at the end of PAP activation.Smart Jump vertical jump pad(Fusion Sport,Canberra,Australia)was used in the experiment.The jump height,take-off time,peak output power(Peak power output,PPO)and jump impulse of each CMJ were recorded.CMJ was performed for three times at each test time,with an interval of 10 seconds,and the best value was selected as the test results.In the speed test,the Smart Speed photoelectric tachometer(Fusion Sport,Canberra,Australia)is used to time,and the photoelectric gates are placed at the starting point,10 m,20m and 30 m terminal,respectively.The total time and each segment time of each 30 m run were recorded,and a 30 m test was carried out at each test time point.The experimental data are expressed as average ±standard deviation((?)±SD).Repeated measurement variance was used to analyze the jumping height,flying time,PPO and jumping impulse of CMJ with different squatting modes and rest time(2× 6).Repeated measurement variance was used to analyze the running time of 30 m with different squatting modes and rest time(2× 6).Alpha is set to p<0.05.Firstly,spherical test and variance analysis are carried out on the data.If the spherical test is not satisfied,Huynh-Feldt processing results are adopted.If the variance is homogeneous,Tukey test is used for pairwise comparison;if the variance is uneven,Welch variance analysis results are used,and Games-Howell test is used to compare the results.Results: After three times in two groups with a load of 85%1RM,the jumping height,flying time,peak output power and impulse of CMJ after activation were significantly lower than the reference value at 10 s after activation,and significantly higher than the reference value at 4min and 8min.PAP effect was obtained,and there was no significant difference between observation time points.However,the jumping height and flying time of CMJ in squat group at 12 min after activation.The curve of jumping ability of squat group and Bulgarian squat group after activation is consistent with previous studies.In the speed test,the time of squat group and Bulgarian squat group at 0-10 m,0-20 m and 0-30 m at 10 s was significantly higher than the reference value,and the fatigue effect was significant.However,at the following test points,the time of 0-10 m,0-20 m and 0-30 m did not significantly decrease,and the speed ability of the subjects did not show PAP effect.The squat group and Bulgaria group did not get PAP effect in speed ability,but got PAP effect in jumping ability.At 4min and 8min after activation,the jumping height,flying time,jumping peak output power and jumping impulse of CMJ were significantly higher than the reference value,indicating that the best rest time of PAP effect was 4-8min after activation.Conclusions: Under 85%1RM load,squat group and Bulgarian group did not get PAP effect in terms of speed ability.At 10 s,the duration of 0-10 m,0-20 m and 0-30 m was significantly higher than the reference value,and the fatigue effect was significant.However,there was no significant decrease in the time of 0-10 m,0-20 m and 0-30 m at the subsequent test points,and there was no PAP effect on the speed ability of the subjects.The activation mode of squatting group and Bulgarian squatting group can effectively enhance the jumping ability of athletes,and there is no significant difference between the two groups.When the squat group was activated,the PAP effect decreased significantly,while in the Bulgarian squat group,there was no significant decrease in 12 min after activation,and considering that most competitive sports were unilateral movements,Bulgarian squatting was more specific and had a better long-term use effect.When 4min and 8min were activated in deep squat group and Bulgarian squat group,the jump height,take-off time,jump peak output power and jump impulse of CMJ were significantly higher than the baseline values,indicating that the best rest time of PAP effect was 4-8min after activation.