| Objective: Through the measurement of physical activity level,fall and lower limb muscle strength of middle-aged and elderly people in Beijing,the relationship between fall,muscle strength and physical activity level of middle-aged and elderly people was analyzed,which provided a theoretical basis for the prevention of falls in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods: In this study,Five communities in Haidian District,Beijing were selected as target communities,and middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 and above who lived in the target community for more than one year,had the ability to walk independently,voluntarily participated in the project,and could cooperate with the completion of the questionnaire were the research subjects.A total of 425 elderly people in Beijing who met the study criteria were recruited,and all the study subjects signed informed consent forms.One-to-one survey was used to investigate the fall and basic demographic factors of the study subjects in the past year,including age,gender,height,weight,education level,disease history,etc.The five sitting and standing tests were used to evaluate the lower limb muscle strength of the study subjects,and the five sitting and standing times greater than 9.75 seconds were defined as the lower limb muscle strength was not up to standard;the average daily low-intensity physical activity time and medium-to-high-intensity physical activity time of the study subjects were tested by the Actigraph triaxial accelerometer,and the accelerometer was required to wear at least 3 effective days(including 2 working days and 1 rest day),and the daily effective wearing time was at least 8h(the time with a count of 0 for more than 60 minutes was defined as non-wearing time).According to the Freedson Adult VM(2011)equation,the cut-off value(Cut Points)≥2691counts/min is the medium to high intensity physical activity time,and the cut-off value(Cut Points)≤2690counts/min is the light physical activity time.The descriptive statistical results of the data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation(M±SD),and the count data is expressed as frequency and percentage.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used for the analysis of the influencing factors of falls.Differences in physical activity and lower extremity muscle strength between groups were performed using independent sample t-test and covariance.Result:(1)The incidence of falls in the community was 19.31%,and the incidence of falls in the middle-aged and elderly people over 80 years old was significantly higher than that in the group under 60 years old(32.00%,13.21%,P<0.05),and the fall rate of patients with osteoarthritis and dizziness was significantly increased(30.47%,14.66%,P<0.05;32.43%,16.62%,P<0.05);(2)The time of light physical activity of middle-aged and elderly people in the community was 822.30±212.62 minutes,the time of medium and high intensity physical activity was66.00±38.02 minutes,and the average daily step count was 8193.51±3964.32 steps.There was no significant difference between moderate to vigorous physical activity time and those without falls in the past year(59.34±34.70,67.60±38.65,p>0.05),while the average daily step count of those who fell was significantly lower than that of those without falls(7289.67±3486.82,8409.82±4044.93,p<0.05);(3)8.00% of the middle-aged and elderly people in the community did not meet the standard of lower limb muscle strength,the rate of lower limb muscle strength in those who had fallen in the past year was significantly lower than that of those without falls(9.5%,6.4%,P<0.05),and the high physical activity time and average step number of those who met the lower limb muscle strength standard were significantly higher than those who did not meet the lower limb muscle strength standard(67.91±38.03,43.50±30.26,p<0.05;8398.67±3972.70,5773.88 ± 2973.60,p<0.05)。(4)For middle-aged and elderly people with lower limb muscle strength standards,the time and average daily steps of high-intensity physical activity in those without falls were significantly greater than those with falls(69.72±38.64,58.95±33.76,p<0.05;8613.84±4050.48,7314.35±3286.06,p<0.05),and after controlling for age,osteoarthritis,dizziness and other confounding factors,there was still a significant difference in the average daily steps.For middle-aged and elderly people whose lower limb muscle strength did not meet the standard,the duration of high-intensity physical activity was greater than that of middle-aged and elderly people with falls(55.09±33.90,37.18±26.7,p<0.05),and there was still a significant difference in the time of moderate and high-intensity physical activity after controlling for age,osteoarthritis,dizziness and other mixed factors.Conclusion:(1)The incidence of falls in the community was 19.31% in the past year,and the older the age,the more osteoarthritis and dizziness the higher the fall rate.The lower limb muscle strength of middle-aged and elderly people is related to falls,and the incidence of falls is lower for those who meet the standard of lower limb muscle strength;The lower limb muscle strength of middle-aged and elderly people is related to the physical activity level of the elderly,and those who meet the standard of lower limb muscle strength have longer medium and high physical activity time and more average daily steps.(2)There was no significant difference in the average daily moderate and high intensity physical activity time of middle-aged and elderly people in the community,but the relationship between middle-aged and elderly people falling and physical activity level was affected by lower limb muscle strength,and middle-aged and elderly people with lower limb muscle strength reached the standard had long daily average medium and high intensity level physical activity time and average daily step count were more protective factors for falls.Middle-aged and elderly people with weak lower limb muscle strength and long daily average medium and high intensity physical activity are risk factors for falls. |
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