| Since ancient times,the area ruled by the chieftain of Menglian has attracted the attention of the dynasties and countries because it is "located at the extreme edge and connected with the outer regions".There are continuous tributaries.There are Lahu,WA,Dai,Bulang,Hani and other ethnic minorities living in the territory,which is a typical multi-ethnic settlement in the border area.From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,with the advancement of the reform of soil and its return to the southwest frontier,the Central Dynasty gradually strengthened its rule over the southwest frontier,and the chieftain of Menglian actively "offered factory silver" to the Qing Dynasty.During the Jiaqing period,the rise of a large number of unemployed miners and local black ethnic groups broke the original ruling order of Menglian chieftain,and the control of funai factory also fell to the "bronze and gold monks".Even if the dynasty suppressed by force,the rule of Menglian chieftain would be difficult to maintain.In the late Qing Dynasty,the border ruling crisis deepened,and the king wanted to rebuild the ruling order of Southwest Yunnan by setting up a town and border hall.During this period,MUNAI factory was also "opened" and "closed" several times,but also failed.Taking the mining development in the area ruled by the chieftain Menglian in the Qing Dynasty as an example,this paper analyzes the exchanges,exchanges and exchanges among ethnic groups in the border minority areas under the influence of multiple factors,and discusses the development of ethnic relations,the changes of ethnic distribution pattern and the changes of local society.The discussion on the mining development and the development of ethnic relations in this area also enriched and expanded the content and scope of the frontier mining research in the Qing Dynasty,and provided some historical reference and path thinking for the common development of all ethnic groups in contemporary ethnic areas and the stability of border order. |
