Research On Genetic Diversity Of Five Yunnan Ethnic Groups In China

East Asia region is one of key node of modern human evolution and migration. Research on genetic structure and relationship among them is a rather important and necessary work to explain the origin of modern human. There settled 26 nationalities in Yunnan province. Genetic diversity of five Yunnan populations, Dai, Wa, Lahu, Tibetan and Han were studied in this research with mtDNA, Y-DNA and 3 autosomal STR polymorphic loci. Analyzing the sequences of 80 mtDNA D-Loop noncoding region 16048-16569 following 1-41 (563bp) in Dai, Wa, Lahu and Tibetan, we found 99 point mutations consist of 61 mutation types. Using Neighbor-Joining and UPGMA method, two phylogenetic trees were reconstructed, based on nucleotide diversity calculated by Kimura's two parameters method. In the NJ tree, 80 mtDNA lineages distributed in 5 clusters and all of the lineages belonging to cluster I had the feature of CO II /tRNA^Lys intergenic region 9bp deletion which was similar with the results published. Nucleotide diversity in these 4 populations was Dai 1.52, Wa 1.38, Lahu 1.31and Tibetan 1.40 respectively. The dendrogram of 4 populations based on nucleotide divergence indicated the nearest distance between Dai and Wa, then Lahu, Tibetan had the furthest distance. It suggested that Dai, Wa and Lahu had likely similar origins, Tibetan originated from another ancient population. Also, we investigated the polymorphisms of Y-DNA with 3 Y-STR and 16 Y-SNP loci, 176 healthy male individuals in these 5 populations involved. After genescanning and genotyping the 3 Y-STR loci, a network was constructed by 3 STR haplotypes. In this network, haplotypes were...