Research On Energy Consumption Optimization Method Based On Game Theory In Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network

With the rapid development of WSNs and underwater communication technologies,Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks(UASNs)have developed into one of the key technologies for exploring the ocean world and acquiring underwater information.UASNs are a special form of WSNs deployed underwater,due to the particularity of the underwater environment in which UASNs are located,sensors used for underwater operations cannot use sustainable energy sources like sensors used on land,such as solar,wind energy,etc.Acoustic sensor nodes are usually powered by batteries with limited energy,and due to the complexity of the underwater environment,supplement the energy of sensors to be a more difficult task.Therefore,the energy consumption optimization problem caused by the limited energy of underwater sensor nodes is one of the key areas of UASNs research.It is important to design more optimized routing protocols for energy consumption optimization.Among them,the cluster routing protocol is an important branch in the optimal design of routing protocols.In the traditional routing protocol of UASNs,the energy consumption of the node will increase with the increase of the distance to the Sink node.The cluster routing protocol uses cluster head nodes to shorten the transmission distance of non-cluster head nodes,which can effectively reduce energy consumption.However,the existing cluster routing methods still have some problems and shortcomings,and most of them are based on the assumption that nodes will fully cooperate.Therefore,this thesis takes the energy consumption optimization of UASNs as the research object,combined with game theory,and aims to study and propose a cluster routing method with higher energy efficiency.First of all,this thesis describes the theoretical basis of UASNs,including UASNs characteristics,application fields,node structure and common network structure;analyzes the specific characteristics of the energy consumption optimization problem in UASNs;summarizes the existing energy optimization methods based on routing protocols.Secondly,the theoretical basis of game theory is expounded,including the basic elements,the concept of Nash equilibrium,and gives a feasibility basis for applying game theory to the energy consumption optimization problem of UASNs.And then a game theory-based clustering scheme(GTC)for energy balancing for UASNs is proposed.This method is based on the cluster structure and combined with the game theory method to model the node as a selfish rational player,and decide whether to act as the cluster head according to its payoff.A utility function is established to calculate node payoff,which takes into account the residual energy of node and the actual cost of being the cluster head.An incentive mechanism is designed to induce nodes to make decisions that are more beneficial to collective payoff.At the same time,the mechanism can also play a role in cluster head rotation,effectively balancing the energy consumption among nodes.In addition,the best next-hop cluster head is selected to forward data based on the derived conclusion of choosing one-hop direct connection or relay in the inter-cluster communication stage,which further improves the energy efficiency performance of the cluster routing method.Simulation experiments show that this method has better energy efficiency performance than the three existing cluster routing methods,can effectively extend the network lifetime and improve the network performance of UASNs.