Networking Technology And Energy Optimization In Underwater Sensor Networks

Nowadays, WSNs are expected to be applied in scenes calling for some features such as large scale^self-organization、random deployment and limited resource. Along with the development of the application of wireless sensor networks, Key technologies in WSN(wireless sensor network) research Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Network is a special kind of application, is an important technical problem in wireless sensor network, include node deployment policy、network topology control、channel contention and routing strategy.The UASNs(Underwater Acoustics Sensor Networks) came into being with the development of WSNs. Due to the complicated underwater environment, small-scale networks are applicable. Under this circumstance, what we design in the paper is sparse network. Channel conflicts increase rapidly specially lead by poor channel reliability and large propagation delay, which contributes underwater energy control to be a challenging subject. Three typical issuers:underwater channel competition、node deployment and data routing those existed in energy management field are studied in this paper. We present a application model for underwater environment monitoring and proposed channel assignment mechanism and data routing method. The main research contents are as follows:1. We put forward an approach to node placement fit for underwater environment monitor on the study of linear programming. The topological structure as well as application characteristic of UASNs has also been studied in this paper. Adding redundant nods and setting non-uniform communication ranges are two patterns we proposed to achieve energy balance specific to the scene of fixed number of nodes. As these two ways are suitable for their own application scenarios, we can choose from them and validate the feasibility.2. It finds that the energy mainly consumes in data sending on the analysis of actual measurement. We proposed a channel contention algorithm characterized in incomplete information and static game model. More specifically, the channel completion problem is translated into an auction game. Channels are acquired through auctions as well as residual energy of nodes. It is able to obtain the global optimal strategy by means of abstracting the channel contention into a process of object auction.3. Limitations distinctly appear as existing routing protocol applied in underwater environment. Relay nodes selection algorithm based on energy balance is put forward promoted by the sparse features of underwater network. Collaboration model is build relying on the cooperative game mechanism, which contributes to the energy balance. Not only the energy efficiency of relay nodes reaches optimal, but also the life cycle of network achieves the maximum value.4. Finally, the proposed algorithms are verified to be effective in underwater applications through simulation platform. It demonstrates that the network life cycle is extended keeping other performance indicators steady.