Design And Development Of Dual-polarization Base Station Antenna For 5G Application

With the development of wireless communication system,the requirement of antenna is increasing day by day.Dual-polarization antennas are widely used because they can reduce the number of base stations and reflect the advantages of diversity technology.At the same time,dual-polarization antennas with low profile and broadband characteristics are very popular in space-limited applications such as base stations,radar and satellites.Therefore,in recent years,dual-polarization antenna has become a research hotspot and has been extensively and deeply studied and continuously developed.In this paper,based on antenna miniaturization and multi-antenna de-coupling technology,the concept of electric and magnetic dipoles and antenna de-coupling problem are theoretically analyzed,a new method to reduce the size of base station antenna and a multi-antenna de-coupling technology are proposed,and three dual-polarization base station antennas are designed and realized.The first dual-polarization antenna element was an antenna based on electric and magnetic dipole interaction,which adopts double-sided PCB printing structure,small ring and large rectangular ring structure,and presents electric and magnetic dipole effect when working at different frequency points.The feeding part adopts differential feeding,which expands its bandwidth effectively,through simulation and physical test,when S11 is less than 15 dB,relative bandwidth is18%.The second dual-polarization antenna is the low profile broadband patch antenna,adopt the way of electromagnetic coupling feeding to coupling feed of a quarter wavelength of the radiation patch,the antenna is designed,based on the first dual polarized antenna days feed part of its similar to the first dual polarization antenna,is by double sided PCB printing plate system,radiation square patch for single-sided printing plate,in order to control the half power beam width at the same time,in the upper part of the radiation patch adds a circular guide belt,through simulation and measured,when S11 is under-10 dB,this antenna is the relative bandwidth reaches 71%,half power beam width for 65±7°.The third antenna is a combination array antenna,which has four high-frequency array antennas and a low-frequency array antenna.The high-frequency array antenna covers the frequency band 1.7-2.7GHz and the low-frequency array antenna covers the frequency band 690-960 MHz.Among them,the low-frequency array antenna is located directly above the four high-frequency array antennas.The design of this antenna effectively solves the coupling effect of multiple antennas working together,so that the directional pattern of two different frequency band array antennas will not be affected by the coupling and scattering effect of other antennas when they are working,and tends to be normalized.The results display that the S11 of low-frequency array antenna is under-10 dB in the operating frequency band,and that of high-frequency array antenna is under-15 dB in the operating frequency band,and its half-power beam width remains around65°.The direction diagram of high frequency and low frequency bands is consistent with the direction diagram of individual simulation.To sum up,this paper researches and explores the miniaturization of antenna array units and the multi-antenna decoupling technology of the base station antenna array sub-unit,and presents the design of the base station antenna element with different structures and the decoupling method of the multi-array,which is suitable for the design of the base station antenna array.