Research On Regional Deployment And Routing Protocol Optimization Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is an important method for monitoring wide areas such as forests and grasslands.Sensor deployment and routing protocols are its two key technologies.This paper focuses on deployment algorithms and routing protocols.First,this paper establishes a submodule optimization deployment model that considers communication costs.Secondly,due to the high communication cost of the Padded Sensor Placements at Informative and cost-Effective Locations(pSPIEL)algorithm,this paper proposes the Chaso optimization of pSPIEL(CpSPIEL)algorithm and the Improved heuristic ant colony algorithm(IHACA),which combines two algorithm,IHACA-CpSPIEL deployment algorithm is proposed.Then,in order to avoid the phenomenon of premature death of nodes caused by uneven clustering,a biogeograohy-based optimization(BBO)algorithm is used for clustering,and an Improved BBO(IBBO)algorithm,and considering the distance and energy consumption when clustering,a Clustering routing protocol based on IBBO algorithm(CRPIBBO)protocol is proposed.Finally,in order to reduce network energy consumption and extend working hours,a hybrid deployment and communication method is proposed.The following are the main work of the research.(1)Proposing an IHACA-CpSPIEL wireless sensor network deployment algorithm.Since the pSPIEL algorithm has the problem of random clustering,chaotic operators are introduced to find the best cluster head.This paper proposes a CpSPIEL algorithm.Since the traditional ant colony algorithm has the problems of blind search and easy to fall into local optimal value,the heuristic function and pheromone update mechanism are improved,and an improved IHACA algorithm is proposed.Because the pSPIEL algorithm has the problems of large number of sensors and long communication distance,and the ant colony algorithm is easy to be combined with other algorithms and has advantages in the path optimization method,the cluster head node found by the CpSPIEL algorithm is used as the initial node of the IHACA algorithm.The experimental results show that the wireless sensor network using the IHACA-CpSPIEL algorithm deployment uses fewer sensors than the pSPIEL and IHACA algorithms,and reduces the communication distance by 38.42%,24.19%,and 8.31%,respectively,compared to the greedy,pSPIEL,and IHACA algorithms.(2)Proposing a CRPIBBO routing protocol.In order to solve the problems of uneven clustering and premature node death in the LEACH protocol,this paper uses a simple and easy BBO algorithm for clustering.However,the traditional BBO algorithm has problems that do not conform to the migration rules of nature and search for a single one.It improves the migration model and migration operation,and proposes the IBBO algorithm.The IBBO algorithm is used for clustering.The distance between cluster heads,intra-cluster distance,and energy consumption are taken into consideration when selecting cluster heads and clustering.A CRPIBBO protocol is proposed.The results show that compared with the LEACH and BEECP protocols,the proposed protocol has the longest life cycle,stable time,and survival time,and the lowest energy consumption.Among them,the survival time is extended by 92.46%and 27.04%,respectively.(3)Proposing a hybrid deployment and communication method.First,the IHACA-CpSPIEL algorithm is used to deploy a wireless sensor network that uses a small number of sensors and has a low communication distance.Then,the CRPIBBO protocol is used to transmit data to the deployed network,so that the data collected by the nodes is finally transmitted to the base station until all the nodes in the network death.The results show that the method has lower energy consumption than the random communication method,and the life cycle is extended by 7.57%,the stable period is extended by 12.61%,and the survival time is extended by 4.74%.