Energy Cost Optimization Based Routing Protocol Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network is a new technology composed of wireless communication technology, computer technology and sensor technology. Wireless sensor network is self-organized by nodes. Sensor nodes send the data to sink node through radio link, finally before the data are sent to user terminals. Today it is applied to industry, agriculture, medicine and disaster relief. With the continuous deepening of sensor network research, its areas will be more widely used. Wireless sensor networks are constrained by sensor nodes resources, especially energy. So to use energy efficiently has become one of the important objectives in sensor node network design.Efficient routing algorithm can effectively reduce network energy cost. So the routing algorithm in wireless sensor networks has been hot topic of research. There is no routing protocol that is suitable for all wireless sensor networks because of the difference of the network. For the specific network, the routing algorithm suited to its own needs can achieve the purpose of efficient use of energy.With the analysis of the existing routing algorithm, the single-channel and low-bandwidth wireless sensor networks can not satisfy the application of transfer the high-rate data. A multi-path routing algorithm is proposed. For the high-rate data traffic the most effective way is to apply multi-path data transfer with conditions of nodes limited resources. During the routing discovery process, the node's residual energy is taken into considering factor. Selecting the node with more residual energy can disperse the network nodes energy consumption and avoid premature death of some nodes. The inter-path interference problem is taken into account when data are transported with multi-path. Paths with least inter-path interference are established to avoid interference with data transmission problems and achieve the purpose of balancing the overall network energy cost and increasing the network time. NS2 software is used to simulate the proposed multi-path routing algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively balance the overall network energy cost and increase network running-time.