Research On Energy-efficient And Reliable Routing Protocol For Wireless Body Area Networks

Wireless body area network(WBAN)as a special branch of Wireless sensor network(WSN),which is a small data-centric network.Because the sensor nodes in WBAN are small size,limited energy and the data affect human health.Therefore,an energy-efficient and reliable protocol is needed to improve the energy efficiency,balance the energy consumption and extend the network lifetime on the basis of ensuring the reliable transmission of data.Routing protocol is responsible for constructing appropriate transmission path for data transmission,which plays an important role in the overall network design of WBAN.Therefore,this paper mainly studies the energy-efficient and reliable routing protocol in WBAN.Firstly,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the existing routing protocols in WBAN,and classifies the routing protocols into: temperature based routing,cluster based routing,cross layer based routing,mobile based routing,Qo S based routing and cost based routing based on the different methods.In addition,some key issues of the routing protocol in WBAN are summarized,which provides some ideas for the next step of routing protocol design.Secondly,in order to solve the problems of low energy efficiency and poor transmission reliability caused by the unreasonable selection of next hop nodes in multihop routing of WBAN.This paper studies an energy-efficient routing protocol for reliable transmission of WBAN(ER-ERDT).This protocol takes into account the residual energy,transmission efficiency,available bandwidth and the number of hops to construct a maximum benefit function for selecting the best next hop node.In addition,this paper uses AHP to calculate appropriate weights for different priority data,which can not only ensure the reliable transmission of data,but also improve the energy efficiency and prolong the network lifetime.The simulation results show that the ER-ERDT protocol has advantages in improving the energy efficiency,ensuring the data reliable transmission,and extending the network lifetime.Then,in order to solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption,there is a large energy gap between the nodes at the center and the nodes at the edge.This paper uses the method of uneven clustering to propose an energy-efficient uneven clustering routing protocol for WBAN(ER-UCRP).In the process of uneven clustering,multiple parameters are considered to select cluster heads and divide clusters.The closer the sink node is,the smaller the cluster size is,and vice versa.Through the method of uneven clustering,the energy consumption of nodes in the center and edge can be balanced.One-hop transmission is adoped in the cluster,and multi-hop is adoped between clusters.In which,the next hop node is selected by a multi parameter cost function.The simulation results show that ER-UCRP protocol has advantages in balancing network energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime.Lastly,in order to solve the problem of selecting only one path to transmit data,when the path fails,it will cause transmission failure and thus cannot guarantee the reliable transmission of data.This paper proposed a multi-path routing protocol based on uneven clustering(UC-MPRP),which is on the basis of uneven clustering.The protocol uadopts the node independent multi-path routing model to design the multipath between clusters.A multi parameter cost function is used to select an optimal path and a suboptimal path.In addition,different transmission paths are selected according to the priority of data.This protocol uses multi-path routing to make more nodes participate in data forwarding,which not only improves the reliability of data transmission,but also balances the energy consumption.Simulation results show that UC-MPRP protocol has advantages in the data reliable transmission,balancing network energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime.