Mult-lead Real Time ECG Monitoring System Based On SOPC

At present,the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is high and has become an important cause of human death in the world,so people hope to find and prevent cardiovascular diseases in a timely manner through effective means.Now,the monitoring of cardiovascular diseases is mainly carried out in the following ways:(1)collecting 12-lead ECG signals in hospitals with an electrocardiograph,and then diagnosing the symptoms by doctors.The disadvantage is that they need to be diagnosed at a fixed location and can only use it for a short time.(2)Wearable electronic devices,such as electronic wristbands.The disadvantage is that you can only judge heart rate,and it could not store data and diagnose complex cardiovascular diseases.In response to the above problems,this paper designs a home ECG monitor that can analyze and diagnose complex cardiovascular diseases in real time.This paper introduces three aspects of ECG signal front-end acquisition system,SOPC ECG signal back-end data processing system and communication interface between the two.The ECG signal front-end acquisition system is mainly composed of ADS1298 chip and STM32 controller.The ADS1298 integrates modules for right leg drive,filtering,amplification,and analog-to-digital conversion and can obtain 12-lead ECG signal.The ECG signal acquisition system only obtains the ECG signals of the II,V2,V3,V5,and aVL leads from the human body instead of the traditional 12-lead.On the one hand,the five lead ECG signals can be used to obtain heart rate and diagnose common cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmia and myocardial infarction.On the other hand,it can also achieve miniaturization and portable design purposes,which is convenient for home use.SOPC ECG signal back-end data processing system uses Intel's Cyclone V series SoC FPGA chip,which integrates the ARM Cortex A9 processor and has powerful data processing capability to process ECG signal data in real time.SOPC ECG signal back-end data processing system include:(1)pre-processing of ECG signal noise: filtering ECG signals of five leads of II,V2,V3,V5 and aVL simultaneously by parallel processing in FPGA(2)Algorithm analysis of ECG signals: This system implements cardiovascular disease detection algorithms designed by students of the same group,including QRS detection algorithm,myocardial infarction detection algorithm,arrhythmia detection algorithm and heart rate variability analysis(3)Human-computer interaction: complete LCD display,voice broadcast,data copy.The communication between the ECG signal acquisition system and the data processing system uses the UART protocol.On the one hand,the two systems can be directly connected,and on the other hand,the UART-based wireless module can be used.For the verification of the system function,firstly,five leads ECG signals are collected from the human body and sent to the back-end SOPC ECG signal processing system,and the heart rate,dynamic electrocardiogram waveform and heart disease diagnosis result can be displayed on the LCD screen.For the diagnosis of disease diagnosis,the data in the MIT database and the PTB database are used.On the one hand,the data in the database stored in the SD card is read for disease verification,and on the other hand,the self-made simple ECG signal generator is used to simulate the collection from the human body.The diseased data is sent to the SOPC ECG signal back-end data processing system via the UART interface.After testing,the system can accurately identify the disease signal,and the average processing time of each heart beat is 37.35 ms,which can achieve the purpose of real-time diagnosis.