Application Of Biochar-based Fertilizer In Rice Production In Black Soil Area

Biochar-based fertilizer is a compound fertilizer made by mixing biochar and mineral nutrients in proportion,which adheres to the characteristics of biochar and fertilizer and has positive effects such as improving soil physical and chemical properties,increasing soil mineral nutrients and promoting crop growth and development.However,the application of biochar-based fertilizer in rice crops in northeastern China and its relationship with crop yield and soil physicochemical properties have rarely been reported.In this study,a field plot experiment is conducted in Acheng District,Heilongjiang Province by taking rice as the test crop.Five treatments of no fertilizer(NOF),conventional fertilizer(NPK),and charcoal-based fertilizer(BF1,BF2,and BF3)are set up in the experiment,and the field management measures followed the uniform management of local production fields.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial to the growth and development of rice plants.Compared with NPK treatment,the growth quality,number of tillers,chlorophyll content,plant height,fresh weight of aboveground parts,fresh weight of roots,dry weight of aboveground parts,and dry weight of roots of rice treated with biochar-based fertilizer increased by 11.76%~32.2%,0.98%~20.15%,5.32%~8.51%,1.71%~7.51%,22.28%~48.44%,22.28%~48.44%,and 2.66%~44.43%,6.62%~37.25%,and7.69%~44.29%,respectively.(2)Biochar-based fertilizer promotes the root growth of rice plants.Compared with NPK treatment,root length,total surface area,total volume and total root number of rice treated with biochar fertilizer increased by 58%~79%,54%~64%,42%~49%,51%~82% at tillering stage,respectively.For poplar flowering stage improved by11~21%,7%~23%,7%~12%,and 4%~5%,respectively.(3)Biochar-based fertilizer can reduce rice weight and increase rice yield.Compared with NPK treatment,the yield of rice is increased by 0.27%~11.9%,and the components of rice yield are improved compared with conventional fertilization treatment.(4)The biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial to improve the nutrient content and utilization of the soil.Compared with the NPK treatment,the soil quick-acting potassium content increased by 7.95%~19.97% and the effective phosphorus content increased by 9.69%~19.06%.At the same time,the nutrient uptake of both rice plants and seeds is improved,and the uptake of calcium and magnesium by seeds is increased compared with the NPK treatment,respectively.