| In order to explore the effect of biomass charcoal-based fertilizer,for the replacement of organic fertilizer,weight loss and efficiency to provide a scientific basis.In this study,the long-term positioning experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield,quality and soil fertility of apples,with the biomass charcoal based fertilizer developed by the research group as the research object and the 15-year-old red Fuji apple as the test material.The main findings are as follows:1.The soil moisture content of the application of carbon fertilizer was higher than that of the conventional fertilization treatment,with an average increase of 6.08%,which played a good role in water conservation.When the application amount of carbon fertilizer was 9072 kg·hm-2,the soil p H increased by 3.87%and 1.39%compared with CK treatment.Soil nitrogen and potassium literacy were increased to some extent,which improved the soil fertility of the orchard.The contents of total organic carbon（TOC）,easily oxidized organic carbon（ROC）and soluble organic carbon（DOC）in surface soil can be significantly increased when the amount of carbon fertilizer applied and the nutrient content of farmers are equal.2.Compared with CK,the application of carbon base fertilizer can increase the yield of apples by 5.65%～14.32%.When the application amount of carbon base fertilizer is in proportion to the nutrient content of farmers,the yield is the highest,reaching 42.18 t·hm-2.The fruit shape index in each fertilization treatment was above0.80,which reached the standard of excellent fruit.The application of carbon fertilizer reduced the fruit hardness.The content of soluble solids in fruits treated with carbon fertilizer increased by 36.64%,28.24%and 9.16%,respectively.The sugar-acid ratio of fruits was increased by 8.93%-29.05%.The addition of carbon fertilizer also had a significant effect on the Vc content of apple fruits.The Vc content of the fruits treated with carbon fertilizer increased by 5.05 mg·100g-1,2.40 mg·100g-1,and 0.32 mg·100g-3.The nutrient content of leaves treated with carbon fertilizer decreased with the increase of the amount of fertilizer applied;The length of apple shoots treated with carbon fertilizer reached 25.42 cm,which was 11.05%higher than CK.The content of chlorophyll in apple leaves also increased to different degrees.The weight and thickness of leaf louver increased with the increase of the application amount of carbon fertilizer.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and water use efficiency of leaves under different treatments increased first and then decreased.The photosynthetic activity of apples was strongest when the amount of carbon fertilizer was used and the nutrient content of farmers.In summary,the soil moisture content can be increased after the application of biomass charcoal-based apple special fertilizer into the soil.The contents of nitrogen,potassium and organic carbon in soil were increased,which promoted the growth and development of fruit trees.At the same time,it also improves apple yield,apple quality and fruit flavor.When the amount of carbon fertilizer is 7,392 kg·hm-2,it can not only improve the soil of the orchard,improve the yield and quality,promote the growth of the tree,but also improve the economic benefits of the orchard. |
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