| Straw carbonization is one of the important measures to realize the green resource utilization of straw,which can promote the sustainable development of agriculture.In this study,field experiments and laboratory analysis were combined,and 6 treatments were set up:CK(no fertilization),B0(conventional application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers),B1(conventional fertilization+biochar 4 t/hm~2),B2(conventional fertilization+biochar 8 t/hm~2),B3(conventional fertilization+biochar 12 t/hm~2)and B4(conventional fertilization+biochar 16 t/hm~2),the yield measurement and sampling were carried out during the rice maturity period,and the soil samples were tested in house The effect of rice straw biochar application on soil nutrients,rice yield and quality,and nitrogen use efficiency in yellow soil paddy fields.The main results are as follows:(1)Different application rates of rice straw biochar have significant effects on the soil organic carbon and carbon-nitrogen ratio of yellow soil paddy fields.Compared with the B0 treatment,they have significantly increased by 33.4%-62.0%and 38.3%-69.5%,respectively,but have no significant effect on total soil nitrogen.The content of available nitrogen and soil available phosphorus in the yellow soil paddy field treated with rice straw biochar increased,but did not reach a significant level;compared with CK and B0 treatments,soil available potassium increased by29.0%-41.3%and 6.0%-16.1%,respectively,both B3 treatment and B4 treatment increased significantly(P<0.05,the same below).(2)The dominant phylum of soil bacteria are Proteobacteria(27.73%-33.77%)and Chloroflexi(19.14%-23.41%).The bacterial Shannon index of rice straw biochar treatments increased compared with CK treatment and conventional fertilization(B0)treatment,and the B4 treatment increased significantly;while the Simpson index only increased in B1 treatment compared with CK treatment,and did not reach a significant level,the other treatments are decreased,the B4 treatment was significantly lower than the conventional fertilization(B0)treatment,which indicates that the application of rice straw biochar has a stimulating effect on some soil microorganisms,it should be noted that the amount of administration.(3)The theoretical and actual rice yields of conventional fertilization treatments and rice straw biochar treatments were increased by 23.6%-42.4%and 25.4%-46.5%,respectively,compared with CK treatments.Among them,the B2 treatment had the best.Compared with the B0 treatment,the theoretical and actual rice yields of the rice straw biochar treatment increased by 6.1%to 15.2%and 4.2%to 16.8%,respectively.Both treatments B2 had the best yield increase effect;the rice brown rice rate was reduced by 0.2%-0.8%,but none of them reached a significant level;the chalkiness rate of rice was significantly reduced by 8.0%with B1 treatment;B1 and B2treatments The whole rice rate increased by 1.9%and 2.1%,respectively,and the amylose content increased by 0.1%with B1 treatment,but none of them reached a significant level.(4)The application of rice straw biochar increased the nitrogen accumulation of rice straw,nitrogen accumulation of rice grain,nitrogen agragrical efficiency(AEN)and nitrogen apparent efficiency(REN)with the best effect of B2 treatment,indicating that the application of rice straw biochar can effectively improve the nitrogen accumulation of rice shoot,and promote the efficient use of nitrogen fertilizer.In conclusion,application of rice straw biochar has a certain effect on soil carbon sequestration and fertilizer cultivation in yellow paddy soil,but its long-term effect needs to be further clarified.Appropriate application of rice straw biochar can effectively promote rice yield and rice quality,improve the accumulation of nitrogen in rice shoot,and promote the efficient use of nitrogen fertilizer... |
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