Research On The Optimization Of Urban Primary School Space Layout Based On Serving Population

Primary education is the beginning and foundation of national compulsory education.Whether its facilities are balanced or not is directly related to social equity and justice,which has attracted the attention of the state for a long time.With the rapid development of urbanization and the acceleration of new town construction,the urban population tends to migrate from the center to the outside.The number of people in the old urban area has decreased,and the population served by primary schools has decreased;The number of people in the new urban area has increased,and primary schools can not meet the service population,while practical problems such as large service radius have appeared in the peripheral areas.How to scientifically guide the allocation of primary schools in new and old urban areas has become an important issue in cities in the new era.In this context,the research on the allocation and spatial optimization of urban primary schools based on the service population has important practical significance.By discussing the relevant theories and research results of primary school allocation at home and abroad,this thesis analyzes the evaluation factors of primary school facilities,constructs the primary school facilities evaluation matrix model based on the general matrix,expounds its two-dimensional connotation and quantitative standards,and puts forward the classification and guidance scheme of primary school facilities based on the evaluation results;Aiming at the optimization model used in the site selection of new schools in the key supporting excellent areas,this thesis discusses the La location allocation model;Finally,it expounds two important data calculation methods: the service population and the living circle range of primary school students.Based on the construction of primary school facility evaluation matrix and optimization model,this thesis takes Lixia District of Jinan as an example to make an empirical study on primary school facility allocation evaluation and spatial layout optimization in Lixia District.The main conclusions are as follows: first,the capacity allocation of primary school facilities in Lixia District is in an overall balance,and the ideal scale of primary schools in the whole district is basically consistent with the service population;There are great differences in capacity allocation among schools.Individual schools have an imbalance in capacity allocation,and insufficient capacity is the same as prosperity;Most of the capacity rich schools are newly-built and capacity tight schools,which are significantly concentrated in the central area.Second,the overall space coverage of primary school facilities in Lixia District is high.78% of the residential areas are within the coverage of 10 minute life circle,but the coverage of primary school facilities varies greatly.The coverage of 10 minute life circle of primary schools in the western region is greater than that in the eastern and central regions;There are a large number of schools with excellent coupling degree of primary school facilities,and two obvious gathering areas are formed in the old urban area and the Olympic sports area.Most primary schools with low coupling degree are new schools in the eastern region;Third,through the superposition analysis of the two dimensions of the primary school facility evaluation matrix,the primary schools in Lixia District are divided into six types: perfect service type,key improvement type,overburdened type,key support type,construction advanced type and development potential type,and the classified guidance optimization scheme is put forward;Fourth,based on the school district of key supporting excellent schools,using La model,this thesis puts forward the new school sites of 8 primary schools and optimizes the spatial layout of primary schools in Lixia District.The main innovations of this thesis are as follows:(1)the calculation of service population based on multi-source data improves the accuracy of the number and spatial distribution of primary school service population;(2)The location Allocation is used to select a variety of new school site schemes in the whole region to improve the efficiency of primary school site selection.Because the spatial layout optimization of primary schools,especially the division of school districts,is the result of multi interest game,the service population optimization based on Baidu data thermal map is only a discussion on the research of primary school facility configuration and spatial layout optimization,and the data acquisition and optimization measures need to be further studied.