Research On Public Space Design Of Nursing Homes In Xi'an

With the aging problem becoming more and more serious,the issue of old-age care has aroused widespread concern and thinking in the society.As an important way to provide for the elderly,institutional care must not only meet the daily needs of the elderly,but also meet the spiritual needs of the elderly and improve the quality of life of the elderly in their later years.In the elderly care institutions,the public activity space,as a place for entertainment and leisure for the elderly,has a greater impact on the spiritual life of the elderly.Based on such a general background,this article takes the public activity space of elderly care institutions as the main research body,and conducts targeted research on the physiology,psychology,and living habits of the elderly.On this basis,taking Xi'an nursing homes as an example,we conducted field research and the behavioral preferences analysis of the elderly.By observing and summarizing the behaviors and living habits of the elderly in nursing homes,we analyzed the current shortcomings of public activity space in nursing homes,Then with the perspective of humanistic care,from the four dimensions of public activity space organization,functional configuration,spatial atmosphere,as well as the division of social regions and geographical characteristics of Xi'an,a design strategy for the public activity space of Xi'an elderly care institutions is proposed,which can be summarized as follows:The activity behavior of the elderly has a certain degree of randomness.The flexible arrangement of public activity spaces in nursing homes breaks the previous feature of the centralized layout of public spaces.For example,attach importance to the use of small spaces and add small public activity spaces at corridor nodes.Through the addition of these nodes,the public activity space can better meet the needs of the elderly,attract the elderly to engage in activities here,and enrich their spiritual needs.In the spatial form,different spatial forms such as open space,semi-open space,and private space are combined to meet the needs of the elderly for different spatial functions.The flexible and changeable space combination is conducive to the rationalization of different types of activities in the nursing home.The arrangement can better meet the needs of the elderly.Pay attention to the design of unconscious behavior space.For public activity space,it is necessary to break the inherent positioning.Public space is not only a space for leisure and entertainment,but also a place where some unconscious behavior activities often performed by the elderly,such as the elderly sitting and watching,wandering,often appear in areas such as corridors and windows.The focus of the design is how unconscious behavior spaces can better meet the behavior needs of the elderly,so that such spaces can better serve the elderly in the spatial scale and environmental atmosphere.In the combination of facilities and space division,the focus is on compoundness and timeliness,so as to improve space utilization.Pay attention to the design of auxiliary space.Each public activity space does not exist alone.It is necessary to rationally arrange the surrounding storage area,drinking water rest area,nursing area and other auxiliary spaces.The addition of auxiliary space can be shared according to the distribution of surrounding public activity spaces.Pay attention to the regional expression of space.The interest habits of the elderly in different social districts in Xi'an are different.The original living habits and cognition of the elderly should be respected in the design of public spaces,and the main living habits and preferences of the elderly should be combined in the indoor atmosphere creation and the division of activity functions.The old people feel familiar and create a friendly environment for activities,so that they feel a sense of belonging in their hearts.Analyze the relationship between the activity time of the elderly and the type of activity,consider the compatibility of the activities performed by the elderly at different time periods in the same public activity space,including the composite design and detailed processing of different functions in the same space.The design purpose is to make The elderly can meet multiple types of public activities in the same space at different time periods,and at the same time increase the space utilization rate.By proposing related research and design methods on the physical and psychological characteristics of the elderly,the regional culture of Xi'an and the coordinated relationship of space,we can provide the elderly with a relatively comfortable public leisure and entertainment environment as much as possible,so that the elderly can feel more A sense of belonging and intimacy.Finally,combined with the above graduation design,the public activity space of Yi'an Senior Apartment was designed and transformed to test the feasibility of the design theory.