The Relationship Between Chinese Character Writing Efficacy And Subjective Well-being Among Junior High School Students ——The Mediating Effect Of Psychological Capital

As the carrier of information transmission,Chinese characters have an immeasurable role in people’s daily communication and learning.The practice of writing Chinese characters not only helps individuals to enhance their willpower and endurance,but also helps to stabilize their emotions and improve their personal cultivation.Chinese character writing efficacy is an important factor affecting junior high school students’ Chinese writing level,and plays a vital role in the cultivation of junior high school students’ comprehensive quality.In order to investigate the current situation of Chinese character writing efficacy among junior high school students,based on the self-efficacy theory and the interview results of junior high school students,a questionnaire on Chinese writing efficacy of junior high school students was prepared and its reliability and validity were tested.The questionnaires were prepared by literature review,expert interviews and theoretical screening.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 647 junior high school students.Questionnaire items were screened through item analysis（n=120）,exploratory factor analysis（n=260）and confirmatory factor analysis.（n=267）To test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire,50 junior high school students were retested.20 items were obtained after the test samples were tested by t-test of high and low groups in item analysis,total correlation of items,reliability analysis,commonality and factor loading.Through exploratory analysis,four factors,including writing practice will,writing skills,writing achievement and writing practice attitude,were obtained,with a total of 15 items.The load of each factor is between 0.64 and0.81,the cumulative variance contribution rate is 66%,and the KMO is 0.901;the results of confirmatory factor analysis show that the 4-factor model fits well,and the questionnaire has good convergent and discriminant validity.The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.91,the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 4 factors is between 0.83-0.86.The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was 0.88,and the test-retest reliability of the four factors was between 0.84 and 0.88.The compiled Chinese character writing efficacy questionnaire provides an explanation for the current situation of Chinese character writing among junior high school students.In order to further explore the relationship among junior high school students’ Chinese character writing efficacy,psychological capital and subjective well-being,and clarify the mechanism of Chinese character writing efficacy on junior high school students’ subjective well-being,in order to put forward suggestions for improving junior high school students’ subjective well-being from a new perspective,and construct A mediation effect model.A total of 591 middle schools in Handan City,Hebei Province,three middle schools in Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province,and two middle schools in Mudanjiang City,Heilongjiang Province were surveyed using the Chinese Character Writing Efficacy Questionnaire,Emotional Balance Scale,Life Satisfaction Scale and Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire（PPQ）.A survey of junior high school students was conducted,and the results were analyzed with SPSS 22.0.The results of the study are as follows:（1）The self-made Chinese character writing efficacy questionnaire contains 15 items and 4 dimensions: writing practice will,writing practice attitude,writing achievement and writing skills.（2）The self-compiled Chinese character writing efficacy questionnaire has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a tool to measure junior high school students’ Chinese writing efficacy.（3）Junior high school students’ Chinese character writing efficacy,subjective well-being,and psychological capital are at a moderately high level.There were significant differences among the variables in some demographic variables.（4）There is a significant positive correlation between junior high school students’ Chinese character writing efficacy and psychological capital,junior high school students’ Chinese character writing efficacy and subjective well-being,and subjective well-being and psychological capital.There is a significant positive correlation between junior high school students’ Chinese character writing efficacy and Psychological capital has a significant positive predictive effect on subjective well-being.（5）Psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between Chinese character writing efficacy and subjective well-being,and the mediating effect accounts for 35.56% of the total effect.The results of the study show that improving junior high school students’ sense of efficacy in writing Chinese characters can improve junior high school students’ psychological capital and subjective well-being.