The Study On The Realistic Dilemma And Path Of Cultivating "Public Man" In Primary Schools Based On Grounded Theory

The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to “build the social governance system based on collaboration,participation and common interests ”.It is necessary to form an atmosphere of multi-subject participation in social governance in the whole society,encourage the general public and social organizations to deeply participate in social governance,including citizens’ self-governance,voluntary participation in state affairs,and social affairs,which to a certain extent raises the requirements for citizens（including teenagers）to participate in public affairs,so it is necessary to improve citizens’ awareness and ability of public participation.At the same time,in the face of the sudden and major public event of the epidemic,people began to pay more attention to public life,and the whole people jointly built a “copper wall” for epidemic prevention and control.Therefore,in public life,we should not only cultivate the moral awareness of citizens（especially teenagers）,but also stimulate their public participation ability,enhance public rationality,promote public behavior and cultivate “public man”.The primary school stage is the foundational stage of life development,it is necessary to “fasten the first button of life”.The school is a quasi-public domain,it is our unshirkable responsibility for school education to train primary school students to become“public man”.It is possible and important to carry out the education of“public man” in schools.Therefore,our education system needs to cultivate“public man” with the spirit of public rationality,public morality,and public participation ability.This study is mainly guided by grounded theory,using methods such as interviews and observations,focusing on analyzing the current realistic dilemma and reasons of the cultivation of “public man” in primary schools,and to improve the path of the cultivation of “public man” in primary schools.Specifically,the study is divided into four parts.The first part clarifies the value implication of the cultivation of “public man” in primary schools,and by combining the connotation of “public man”with the characteristics of students’ physical and mental development in primary schools,explains the goals that should be achieved in this stage of cultivation.In the second part,taking the goal of cultivating “public man” in primary schools as the starting point,the author collected the current practical data of cultivating “public man” by interview and observation.During this period,the method of grounded theory was used,and the obtained data were coded in turn by open coding,spindle coding and selective coding.Finally,in view of the practical difficulties faced by the current primary school“public man” cultivation,four core categories and sixteen main categories were constructed,and the theoretical saturation was tested.Among them,the four core categories were educational content,interactive communication,management systems and practical activities.The third part is based on the research results of the grounded theory,through the analysis of the realistic dilemma of “public man” cultivation,and draws the corresponding reasons,namely: 1.The bad influence of the concept of egoism;2.Lack of effective linkage and guidance among various subjects in interactive communication;3.The imperfection of education and management methods;4.Lack of living situations and public participation in practical activities.The fourth part is to improve the path of cultivating public people in primary schools according to the reasons of the practical predicament of cultivating public people: 1.Dig the curriculum educational content of altruistic groups and cultivate the pupils’ universalism thinking mode;2.Use the role models around you to improve public character in interactive communication;3.Build a nondisciplinary management system to promote a good educational ecology for the growth of “public man”;4.Proceed from the life situation of primary school students,and combine action with knowledge to improve the actual effect of public practical activities.Finally,we need to form an educational joint force in all aspects,and cultivate “public man” in an all-round way with home,school,and society.We must also build a “community”,so that the “public man” we cultivate will contribute youth and strength to building a “Community with Shared Future for Mankind”.