| In the context of a new round of science and technology revolution led by Industry 4.0,innovation drive has become the new normal of Chinese social and economic development in the new era.In recent years,the government has elevated mass entrepreneurship and innovation to the national innovation-driven development strategy.In order to stimulate the academic entrepreneurship of colleges and universities to serve the national mass entrepreneurship and innovation,the government has issued a series of academic entrepreneurship policy documents to provide new policy support for academic entrepreneurship in colleges and universities and has achieved certain results.However,at present,academic entrepreneurship still faces a series of outstanding problems that need to be solved urgently,such as weak academic entrepreneurship,low academic entrepreneurship rate,lack of systematicness and integration of the academic entrepreneurship policy system,and the use of policy tools is still not reasonable.Existing researches lack the in-depth excavation of the text of the policy on promoting academic entrepreneurship in universities from the perspective of policy tools.In this regard,from the perspective of policy tool theory,this paper has initially constructed an analytical framework for academic entrepreneurship policy tools in colleges and universities,comprehensively using a variety of research methods such as literature analysis,text content analysis,statistical analysis,comparative research,etc.Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research paradigms,the texts and implementation effects of academic entrepreneurship policies in universities at the national level in China from 2010 to 2019 were studied.This paper first discusses related theories such as policy tools,academic capitalism,and entrepreneurial boxes.It collects a total of 58 academic entrepreneurship policy texts issued by the national government level in China from 2010 to 2019,and organizes text databases.Statistical analysis of the academic entrepreneurship policy textbooks from three aspects: the type of policy text,the time of publication,and the publication department,so that the central government has a clear and basic grasp of the academic entrepreneurship policy of colleges and universities.Then,combining Rothwell and Zegveld’s theory of supply-side,environment-based and demand-side policy tools,and the three stages of entrepreneurial-oriented academic research,academic achievement transfer,and commercialization of academic entrepreneurship,a two-dimensional academic policy analysis framework for colleges and universities was established.The content analysis method is used to analyze the frequency of relevant policy texts,to study the current status of the application of policy tools for academic entrepreneurship policies in China’s universities,and to analyze the existing problems of the application of policy tools for academic entrepreneurship at universities at the central government level.Then,through the evaluation and analysis of the implementation effect of the academic entrepreneurship policy in Chinese universities,vertically and horizontally comparing the temporal and spatial differences in the implementation of academic entrepreneurship policy,we understand the current status of the implementation of the academic entrepreneurship policy in Chinese universities.Finally,from the perspective of policy tools,we explored the problems of unbalanced application of policy tools,unreasonable internal structure of policy tools,inadequate operability of some policy tools,and insufficient cooperation among policy agents at all levels.Then,aiming at the problems of academic entrepreneurship policies in China’s universities,it puts forward improvement strategies in terms of the types of policy tools,the internal structure of policy tools,and the application of policy tools to provide reference for the optimization and improvement. |
