Analysis On Reproductive Behavior And Influencing Factors Of Women Of Childbearing Age In Northeast China

After the implementation of the “comprehensive two-child” policy,fertility research has almost all focused on the willingness and level of fertility,and the transformation of fertility behavior has not received widespread attention.Measuring the actual fertility levels of the three northeastern provinces since 2016,the ideal fertility intention has not been transformed into actual fertility behavior.Based on the data from the 2017 National Fertility Sampling Survey in the three northeastern provinces,this article uses principal component analysis to extract three primary indicators for measuring fertility behavior from five secondary indicators---fertility concept indicators,prenatal and postnatal care indicators,and fertility potential Index,synthesized the fertility behavior index of Northeast China.According to the calculation results,the value range of the reproductive behavior index in Northeast China is about 0.86-2.87.After dividing the reproductive behavior index in Northeast China into three equal parts,it can be observed that nearly 52.78% of women of childbearing age account for the reproductive behavior index.Clustered in the first interval,31.38% of the reproductive age women’s reproductive behavior index accounted for the second interval,and only 15.84% of the childbearing women’s reproductive behavior index clustered in the third interval.This shows that the development of fertility behavior in Northeast China is unbalanced,the state of separation is obvious,and the fertility behavior patterns between individuals are greatly differentiated.The groups that receive free pre-pregnancy eugenics check and free folic acid are relatively weak.According to current observations,there is still a certain reproductive potential for women of childbearing age in the Northeast.In the future,it will require the cooperation of individuals,society,and the government to build a reproductive-friendly society and improve the current ultra-low birth rate.Previous articles used the actual number of births as a single indicator to quantify the reproductive behavior.This is incomplete and inaccurate.The reproductive behavior is a complicated process,and the actual number of children can only be used as the result of the reproductive behavior.Therefore,this article quantifies the reproductive behavior index in Northeast China from five secondary indicators: actual number of children,willingness to give birth,age at first marriage,pre-pregnancy eugenic examination,and fertility.Relatively speaking,it describes the connotation and characteristics of reproductive behavior more specifically.This has certain practical significance.In addition,this paper uses OLS regression model to analyze the factors affecting the reproductive behavior of women of childbearing age in the context of low birth rates in Northeast China.The regression results of the model show that urban and rural attributes,whether they are mobile,the education level of women of childbearing age and their spouses,health status,marital status,the number of brothers and sisters,and the total family income have a great influence on the reproductive behavior of women of childbearing age.It is worth noting that the total family income has a greater impact on reproductive behavior.With the rising prices of education and medical care,families of childbearing age have to face high childbearing costs,which greatly suppresses the willingness to bear children of people of childbearing age,and also weakens the fertility potential and reality.The development of birth numbers.Therefore,consider helping families of childbearing age reduce the pressure on childcare costs at the national level,and increase support for childcare institutions.The issuance of childbirth subsidies will help improve the fertility level in Northeast China,which will bring policy enlightenment to promote the transformation of childbearing women’s childbearing behavior.How to increase the fertility rate through economic subsidies is a hot issue that deserves further study.Actively promoting the transformation of women of childbearing age and families of childbearing age in the Northeast region from ideal childbearing wishes into practical childbearing behavior requires the joint efforts of the government,families and individuals.The government improves the current fertility environment from three levels of economic support,policy optimization,and cultural advocacy,and increases the reproductive potential of women.Families provide fertility support from the three levels of gender equality,shared responsibilities,and intergenerational harmony to improve the fertility level.Individuals should treat fertility public opinion rationally,eliminate unnecessary fertility anxiety,face life optimistically,and actively enjoy life.