An Empirical Study On The Effect Of Digital Economy On China’s Employment

Employment is closely related to people’s livelihood,and solving the employment problem is one of the important goals of China’s economic development.As a country with a large population,China has a large demand for jobs.At the same time,due to the process of urbanization and the continuous promotion of enterprise transformation,the number of laid-off,and there is a large surplus of rural labor force,which makes the employment pressure of our country further increase.In addition,the adjustment of the industrial structure makes a large number of people who are difficult to adapt to the employment posts in the tertiary industry unemployed,and the expansion of the enrollment scale in colleges and universities makes the number of graduates constantly increase,and the pressure of employment is more obvious,so the society urgently needs to find new employment growth points to alleviate the situation Employment pressure.In recent years,with the continuous development of information technology such as Internet,big data,cloud computing,the popularization of digital technology and the wide use of digital products,the digital economy has been expanding from the field of consumption to the field of production,and occupies a large proportion in the national economy.Digital economy-related products and technologies have a great influence on the existing way of life,and also have a great impact on the level of employment in China.According to the statistics of the Chinese Academy of ICT,with the development of the digital economy,the number of employment related to the digital economy is increasing.By 2018,posts related to digital economy of China reached 191 million,and the number of employment accounted for 24.6%of the total employment volume in China.It is estimated that the number of jobs in the digital economy of the three industries and the number of jobs in the digital economy of all provinces and cities are increasing,and the digital economy has become an important channel for absorbing employment.Therefore,the research on the development level of digital economy,the analysis of the mode of action and process of digital technology on employment in China,and the establishment of panel data model to carry out empirical research on the employment effect of digital economy are beneficial to all regions to exert their current advantages,make up for their own weaknesses,and improve the local employment level.In addition,it is of great significance to analyze the effect of digital economy on China’s employment from both theoretical and empirical aspects,to enrich the research on digital economy and employment,and to take corresponding measures to improve the employment level.This paper mainly uses theoretical analysis,index analysis and empirical research to study the employment effect of digital economy.Firstly,based on the research on the definition of digital economy,the measure of digital economy and the employment effect of digital economy at home and abroad,the index system of measuring the level of digital economy is built.It includes three dimensions:scale and benefit,technology and R&D,penetration and application.The objective entropy weight method is used to measure the level of digital economy in every province and city of our country,and the difference of digital economy level in every province and region of our country is analyzed.The results show that the level of digital economy development in every province and region has serious imbalance.Then,on the basis of summarizing the theoretical research and the present situation of the society,this paper studies the employment promotion effect of the digital economy from three aspects:stimulating domestic demand,generating new forms of business and lowering the threshold of employment.The employment loss effect of digital economy is studied from three aspects:machine replacement,production efficiency improvement and new and old business transformation.This paper summarizes the mechanism of the employment effect of digital economy,and deeply understands the process of the influence of digital economy on employment in China.After that,the employment volume of each province,the proportion of the employment personnel of each industry and the employment situation of the related posts of the digital economy in China are statistically analyzed.This paper also established the panel data model according to the relevant data of the employment and the digital economy of the provinces and subregions of our country in 2010-2017.The influence of the digital economy on the employment rate and the employment structure of our country is analyzed empirically.The research results show that the development of the digital economy has a promotion effect on the employment level of the relevant posts in the digital economy,and the promotion effect on the employment of information transmission,software and information technology services is more obvious.From the point of view of China’s employment rate,there is a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between the digital economy and the employment rate,and it has a negative impact on the employment rate of our country.When the score of the digital economy increases by one unit,the employment rate will be reduced by 0.94%.From the point of view of China’s employment structure,the development of digital economy has a promoting effect on the proportion of employment personnel in the first and third industries,while there is a certain crowding out effect on the employment personnel in the second industry.At last,combining with the research results of the employment effect of the digital economy,this paper put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions to improve the employment level of our country,reduce the negative impact of the development of the digital economy on the employment level,and realize the benign interaction between the digital economy and employment.Finally,combined with the research results of the employment effect of digital economy,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the employment level of our country,such as encourage the development of new industries and create employment opportunities;attach importance to the cultivation of talents and strengthen the investment of human capital;develop labor-intensive industries appropriately;and actively develop the tertiary industry,so as to reduce the negative impact of the development of digital economy on the employment level and realize the benign interaction between digital economy and employment.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in two aspects:research angle and research content.From the research point of view,different from the theoretical analysis and description analysis of previous studies,according to the characteristics of the digital economy,this paper establishes a panel data model of the employment effect of the digital economy on the basis of understanding the research methods of the employment effect of other industries,and makes an empirical study and result analysis on the employment effect of the digital economy.In terms of research content,this paper breaks through the previous research restrictions on the employment effect of digital economy at the national level.The level of digital economy in each province is measured,and the influence trend and degree of digital economy on the employment of the whole country,different regions and different industries are studied based on the relevant data of 30 provinces.However,due to the more indicators involved in this paper,some of the data update is slow,the time span is short,and the number of years involved in the establishment of panel data model is less,which may have a certain impact on the results of empirical research.