Research On Rural Teachers’ Incentive Mechanism From The Perspective Of Public Service Motivation

For a long time,the problem of rural education has been an important issue affecting the development of Chinese society.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to promote the integrated development of urban and rural education and attach great importance to rural compulsory education.Strengthening the construction of teachers and attracting excellent teachers to rural areas to engage in education is one of the means to solve the backwardness of rural education,among which the improvement of rural teachers’ public service motivation is the most important.At present,the research on public service motivation in China is in its infancy,and the research on rural teachers’ public service motivation is even less.The improvement of rural teacher’ public service motivation means that rural teachers are more willing to serve in the field of education,which can effectively promote the development of rural education.Based on the self-determination theory,the new public service theory,through the field investigation of the rural schools in H city of H province and Y city of H province,more than200 teachers in the sample school are investigated and studied,which objectively presents the level of public service motivation of rural teachers in H city and Y city of H province,and draws the following conclusions: there are some differences in the demographic characteristics of rural teachers,such as different gender,different age,different teaching age and so on,but the difference is not significant,and there are significant differences in the level of public service motivation of rural teachers in terms of academic qualifications,school positions and so on.Education has a significant negative impact on the public service motivation of rural teachers,that is,the higher the rural teachers’ education,the lower the level of public service motivation,and the higher the level of public service motivation of teachers in other positions in the school is higher than that of teachers who do not hold other positions in the school.the difference of rural teachers’ public service motivation level in the characteristics of wage income is not significant,but the difference of rural teachers’ cognition of income significantly affects the level of teachers’ public service motivation.The level of job satisfaction has a significant and positive impact on the level of public service motivation of rural teachers,that is,the higher the job satisfaction of rural teachers,the higher the level of public service motivation of rural teachers.The government,schools and teachers can improve the motivation level of rural teachers’ public service from the following aspects: first,by improving the ability of rural teachers’ demand expression,clarifying the function of rural teachers’ demand expression object,andconstructing rural teachers’ demand expression organization,etc.The second is to provide rural teachers with reasonable salary and subsidy,improve teachers’ job satisfaction by improving rural teachers’ teaching conditions,and improve rural teachers’ public service motivation level from the point of view of achieving rational use of rural education funds and teaching resources.The third is to reduce the burden of rural teachers,so that teachers can concentrate on their own work of teaching and educating people.