| Education equity is an important foundation of social equity.Although the expansion of enrollment has brought about increased educational opportunities,the phenomenon of "Impoverished families can hardly nurture rich son" is often seen in the news media.Who is the real beneficiary? The issue of fairness is increasingly prominent.The ethnic areas in China are mainly concentrated in the western and northern border areas,with a large ethnic minority population.Due to geographical location,human history,and other reasons,the economy in ethnic areas has been in a backward state across the country,resulting in a lack of educational resources.Efforts to achieve educational equity in ethnic regions not only involve the implementation and implementation of ethnic education policies,but also directly affect the achievement of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Therefore,this paper studies the current situation,fairness and influencing factors of higher education acquisition in ethnic areas.First,according to the stage of education,the proportion of the number of students at school and enrollment in the population of 6 years old and above in the province and autonomous region is used as the proxy variable for the starting point of education,found that although the proportion of school students and enrollment is increasing year by year,there is a certain gap between the national average and the national average;the student-teacher ratio and the average student education expenditure are used as proxy variables in the education process,and it is found that the student-teacher ratio has increased.The trend is high,there is a shortage of teachers,and the funding is also limited;the proportion of the population of colleges and above to the population of 6 years and over in the province and autonomous region is used as a proxy for educational results.In terms of access to higher education,cities> Town> Village,at the same time,regardless of gender or overall,from 2001 to 2017,the proportion of population with higher education in ethnic areas was always lower than the national average,so higher education in ethnic areas was at a disadvantage in all three stages.Secondly,the fairness of higher education in ethnic areas is analyzed through the calculation of the Theil Index.Based on the perspective of higher education,it is divided into ethnic areas and non-ethnic areas according to the perspective of the region.Cities,towns,and villages are decomposed,and finally decomposed by gender.This article finds that the fairness of higher education in ethnic areas has increased in the past 20 years.The difference between cities,towns,and villages has always caused higher education in ethnic areas Equality is the main factor,but whether it is urban,town or rural residents,the gender difference is decreasing and the contribution rate is getting closer and closer;based on the perspective of funding input,the difference between groups is large,but The differential contribution rate within ethnic regions is very small.Finally,using the China Comprehensive Social Survey data(CGSS),a comprehensive analysis of the factors that influence access to higher education opportunities is provided through the Logit model.It is found that there is an inequality in the distribution of higher education access in ethnic areas.This inequality is mainly transmitted through cultural capital and economic capital in the family background.Quality inequality is mainly transmitted through economic capital.Individual efforts It has a significant impact on the quantity and quality of higher education,and will further magnify the advantages of family backgrounds.The urban-rural difference is an influential factor that causes unequal access to higher education in ethnic regions,but not an unequal access to quality Factors;the expansion policy makes the impact of family economic factors on the quantity of higher education less than the quality,which validates the assumption of effective maintenance of inequality.Based on the above results,the following suggestions are put forward: first,we should increase the support for higher education in ethnic areas.At the same time,we should give the government and colleges and universities in ethnic areas the autonomy to recruit students for special groups,and provide financial support;secondly,we should improve family cultural literacy,and pay attention to family education.The government provides online free courses related to family education for ethnic minority areas,and builds a consultation platform to help parents better master the methods and concepts of family education,improve their parents’ cultural literacy,and create a good family education atmosphere for their children. |
