Study On The Self-governance Of Grass-roots Masses Under The Perspective Of Rural Governance

Since the 1980 s,China’s rural social governance has undergone great changes in the basic structure.In the process of a series of changes,the rural society has put forward new requirements for the modern governance model,and the rural two committees must also adapt to the new needs of social development.In the process of China’s continuous reform and opening up,the autonomy of China’s rural society is gradually expanding,and the state power is not as strong as before the reform and opening up,so the rural areas have developed to a certain extent.After all,we are not yet ready to share a big pot of food directly.In the 1990 s,the governance of rural society in China faced new difficulties."Issues concerning agriculture,rural areas and farmers became the primary problem troubling people.Urban development was rapid while rural development was slow,and the binary opposition pattern between urban and rural areas was prominent.The whole country has made great efforts to solve this problem and carried out gradual reform of villagers’ self-governance in the hope that rural governance can enter a benign state.In2006,the state exempted farmers from agricultural tax,taking the opportunity to solve the problem of separation between urban and rural areas,strive to break through the urban-rural dual mechanism,and achieve the purpose of common progress.However,the reform only aimed at the countryside has not fundamentally solved the problem of rich life of the farmers and the problem of the overall development of the countryside,and people’s confusion about the rural governance has not been eliminated.In the face of endless rural conflicts,illegal petitions and lagging rural development,the state has implemented the rural revitalization strategy following targeted poverty alleviation,insisting that resources continue to be delegated to rural areas to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.The realization of rural revitalization must rely on the self-governance of the people at the grass-roots level.State governance must allow the system of self-governance at the grass-roots level to take root at the grass-roots level.On the basis of self-governance at the grass-roots level,rural revitalization will bear rich fruits.Apart from the introduction and conclusion,this paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter mainly discusses the historical evolution of grass-roots mass autonomy.The grass-roots people’s self-government has gone through four stages: the first stage is the origin of villagers’ self-government;The second stage is the establishment of villager autonomy;The third stage is the development of grass-roots self-governance.The fourth stage is the deepening of grassroots self-governance.The four stages reflect the state formal system from the protection of citizens’ political rights and interests to the protection of citizens’ compound rights and interests,the whole change reflects the characteristics of the system construction to the implementation of the system.The second chapter mainly discusses the plight of the grass-roots people’s autonomous operation.There are three main aspects to the dilemma.Firstly,the system of grassroots people’s autonomy itself needs to be improved,which is manifested in two aspects: the formal system does not fully fit the theme of governance,and the informal system does not play a positive role.Secondly,the governance body deviates from the collaborative governance ambitions;The deviation is manifested in two aspects: the conflict between "two committees" and the alienation of rural elites.Thirdly,the initiative of farmers themselves to participate in the governance is insufficient,which is manifested in the differentiation of farmers’ groups and the lack of awareness of farmers’ participation.In the third chapter,there many analyzes about the difficulties in the operation of grass-roots people’s autonomy.The reasons are mainly reflected in three aspects: first,the late modernization is decoupling from the traditional society,which can be divided into two aspects: the lack of formal legal construction caused by the radical modernization and the lack of active attention to the knowledge of enemy law in the national legal system;Secondly,the power structure of "rural governance and village governance" makes governance inadequate.The specific reasons can be divided into three aspects: the uncoordinated organizational relationship between the two village committees,the ineffective division of village affairs and government affairs,and the prominent representation of elite alienation of internal governance.Thirdly,the rural community gradually disintegrated,and the reasons can be divided into two aspects: the weakening of the power of farmers’ identity units and the insufficient awareness of farmers’ rights.The fourth chapter proposes solutions to the problems listed in the third chapter.Responding to the needs of rural governance to standardize grass-roots self-governance.There are three main ways to solve the problem: firstly,returning to autonomy is an effective means to improve the system of grass-roots people’s autonomy,and two things must be achieved: firstly,the contract idea of the system must be remolded;second,the universal legal system must be in accordance with local knowledge;Secondly,to solve the role conflict,we should reshape the power pattern of grass-roots governance.Two points must be achieved: consolidating the power base in both directions;secondly,village affairs and government affairs must be integrated on the basis of division of labor;Thirdly,modern farmers are the core strength of the rural community,which also needs to achieve two points: solving the identity of farmers is the link to unite with farmers,and guaranteeing the compound rights of farmers can stimulate farmers to take the initiative to participate in grass-roots governance.