Research On The Modernization Of Rural Grass-roots Governance

The modernization of grassroots governance is an important part of the modernization of national governance.How to achieve modernization of rural grassroots governance is also an important proposition faced by our country.The case experience of Jiao town shows that the structural reform of the township system of "strong counties and weak townships" has led to the imbalance of power and responsibility and the weakening of governance capacity of the township government.The township government is influenced by the "path dependence" effect,to a great extent,it has followed the former administrative leading authority governance system,which is still dominated by "control" and"command".The rural governance system reform,which is the main content of the professionalization of village cadres and the standardization of village level power operation,has effectively standardized the village level power,but the reform failed to give the village organization a new resource or authority,the village level governance ability is still weak,and the village cadres’ professionalism also led to the village cadres’ enthusiasm for work greatly reduced.Village level governance is difficult to make any positive action and become a "maintenance oriented" village governance.The alienation of village cadres to the township government makes the existing "township-village" governance system alienated and fragmented.When the township government can not solve some difficult problems depending on its own strength,the problem of governance failure will come into being.At the same time,village reform has intensified the administration and affiliation of villagers’ autonomy organizations,and the space of villagers’ autonomy may be further compressed.It can be seen that the reform of the township system has made some progress in the streamlining of institutions and personnel,the open and transparent construction and the construction of the rule of law,but it has not made substantial breakthroughs in the governance capacity,the way of governance and the authority of governance,and the township governance capacity has even declined.The standardized construction of village level has made great progress,but the fine system design will lead to the rise of administrative cost and the difficulty of operation.The professionalization of village cadres makes the township administration more convenient,but reduces the enthusiasm of the village cadres,and makes the existing governance system alienated and fragmented.Therefore,the reform of the township system and the reform of the village level management system after the reform of tax and fee has improved the grass-roots governance in rural areas to a certain extent,but it has not brought about the fundamental promotion of rural grass-roots governance.In combination with the theory of national construction and the theory of governance modernization,we should make efforts to promote the modernization of grass-roots governance in rural areas at least in two aspects:first,the standardization and capacity building of the main body of public authority at the grass-roots level,including the authority of the grass-roots government,the ability to govern,the way of governance,and the standardization and capacity building of the village level public authority.The two is the democratization in the process of grassroots governance,including the construction of a relatively balanced "township village" relationship and a more diversified and equal governance system.In this process,we should avoid two misunderstandings:one is to pay too much attention to and emphasize the construction of "formal" aspects of formal institutions and formal systems,ignore or despise the construction of "substantive" aspects of villagers’ autonomy,social autonomy,democratic participation and so on,resulting in the "single leg" walking problem;and two is the village level management system.The "superstructure" is not adapted to the "economic basis" of local social and economic conditions,resulting in the poor performance of the new system and mechanism and even the result of counterproductive.All these need to be avoided in the process of promoting the modernization of rural grassroots governance.Finally,the underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions like Jiao Town are not suitable for the finely formal system and the fully professionalized village cadres.Strengthening the governance capacity of the grass-roots government,reconstructing the authority of the grass-roots government and innovating the governance of the grass-roots government are more feasible to promote village level governance and promote democratization of governance process and diversification of governance system.