A Study On The New Policies In The Tibetan-inhabited Areas Of Sichuan Border In The Late Qing Dynasty

At the end of the Qing Dynasty,Britain and Russia extended their clutches to China’s Tibet,and they fought fiercely.Under the instigation and provocation of Britain and Russia,the situation in Tibet has become more complicated and critical.Located at the border of Sichuan and Tibet,the Tibetan-inhabited Area on the border of Sichuan is the gateway from Tibet to the inland and is connected to the lifeline of Tibet.In order to strengthen the control of this area,with a view to "Guchuan Tu Zang",since the 29 th year of Guangxu(1903),the Qing government implemented a new policy in Sichuan border Tibetan-inhabited Area.The New Deal involves politics,economy,military,culture and other aspects,and has achieved many results.However,due to various reasons,the New Deal also had certain limitations,and eventually it failed.As an important part of the "New Deal in the Late Qing Dynasty",the study of the New Deal in Tibetan-inhabited Area in the border of Sichuan has important theoretical value and practical significance.Based on this,this article takes it as the research object,sorts out the internal and external backgrounds of the Tibetan-inhabited Area in the Sichuan borders in the late Qing Dynasty,and explores the governance processes and measures of the ministers of Xiliang,Fengquan,Zhao Erfeng,Zhang Yintang,and Lianyu in the Tibetan-inhabited Area of the Sichuan borders.The gains and losses of the New Deal in the Tibetan-inhabited Area of Sichuan borders in the late Qing Dynasty.Specifically,this article mainly includes two parts: introduction and body.The introduction mainly explains the purpose and significance of the research of this article,combs the status quo of related research,and explains the research methods and innovations of this article.The main text mainly consists of five chapters.The first chapter starts with the background of the Tibetan-inhabited Area of Sichuan borders in the late Qing Dynasty and analyzes the external and internal worries in it.The second,third,and fourth chapters systematically discuss the New Deals implemented by Xiliang and Fengquan,Zhao Erfeng,Zhang Yintang and Lianyu in the Tibetan areas of Sichuan borders from the aspects of economy,politics,military,and culture.Chapter Five summarizes the influence of the New Deal in the Tibetan-inhabited Area of Sichuan in the late Qing Dynasty,the implementation of the New Deal in the Tibetan-inhabited Area of Sichuan borders had both gains and losses.The gains were that it contained the development of Western powers to a certain extent,stabilized the southwest border,promoted the development and progress of socio-economic and cultural education in the Tibetan-inhabited Area of Sichuan borders,and strengthened The Sino-Tibetan exchanges and exchanges promoted the modernization of Chinese society;its failure was that the New Deal failed to get rid of feudalism,failed to start from the local reality and the people’s perspective,and was too radical and incomplete in the implementation process,which triggered the Sichuan side.Dissatisfaction between the upper class in Tibetan-inhabited Area and the people.It is wise to learn from history and learn from the past.A comprehensive and systematic study of the new policies in the Sichuan border Tibetan-inhabited Area at the end of the Qing Dynasty will help to clarify the overall picture of its history,explore the gains and losses of the late Qing government in the governance of ethnic regions,and reveal some of the reasons why the Qing regime went down.Learning from the experience and lessons can undoubtedly provide certain historical enlightenment for today’s ethnic work and political reforms.