Investigation And Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Lumbar Musculoskeletal Diseases Among Workers In A Coal Mine

Objectives Musculoskeletal disorders are a common type of work-related diseases.The main feature is pain in the affected part,which can affect the patient’s activities and cause paralysis in severe cases.Coal miners have a high incidence of musculoskeletal disorders due to heavy physical workload,poor working environment,and insufficient protection measures.Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main reasons for coal miners’absenteeism,causing huge losses to the country,enterprises,workers and families.In the past,similar studies only conducted questionnaire surveys on workers,ignoring the detection of workers’ergonomics environment,and did not give a clear diagnosis of workers’diseases.Based on an on-site investigation and physical examination of a coal mine worker in Xingtai,and on-the-spot measurement of various physical,chemical,toxic and harmful factors in the worker’s working environment,this study described and analyzed the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in coal mine workers and their exposure to influencing factors,and analyzed the relationship between relevant factors and personal factors in work and the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners.Inferring the risk factors with high risk of disease provided a basis for coal mining enterprises to formulate relevant health intervention measures.Methods 1 Through epidemiological cross-sectional survey and on-the-spot occupational hygiene survey,cluster sampling was used to select the on-duty workers in a coal mine in Xingtai as subjects for questionnaire survey and physical examination.A total of 352 valid questionnaires were collected.The survey used the method of filling out the questionnaire on site,and the questionnaire adopted the Chinese version of“musculoskeletal diseases questionnaire”adapted by Yang Lei and others,and its reliability and validity have been tested.The contents of the questionnaire included the basic demographic characteristics of exposed workers,the prevalence of MSDs in various parts of the body and ergonomic factors.Ergonomic factors included the main working posture,physical load,work organization and working environment factors of coal miners.The prevalence of MSDs in different parts of coal miners was calculated,and the influencing factors of MSDs in underground coal miners were analyzed byχ~2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.2 The examination of the musculoskeletal system of orthopaedics was carried out by the chief orthopedic physician of Xingtai Coal Mine General Hospital,including the site of pain,history of injury,degree of swelling,functional changes(flexion/extension)and so on.combined with the history of workers’trunk and limb pain,clinical diagnosis and treatment suggestions were given.The criteria for judging musculoskeletal diseases were pain or discomfort at the investigated site,symptoms lasting for 24 hours or more,excluding trauma,medical emergency,disease sequelae and physical disability.On-site occupational hygiene survey includes:workplace temperature,humidity,wind speed,vibration,noise,gas concentration,carbon dioxide concentration and so on.Results 1 In the past year,the prevalence of MSDs in at least one part of the body of coal miners was 66.05%.The three highest prevalence rates were waist(44.32%),neck(26.14%)and knee(26.14%).The prevalence rates of other sites were shoulder(21.88%),back(17.05%),ankle foot(13.35%),wrist(9.66%),elbow(7.10%),hip(4.83%).2 The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of lumbar MSDs showed that the risk factors of lumbar MSDs were upper limb strenuous work(OR=2.223,95%CI:1.022～4.836),powerful manipulating tool(OR=2.206,95%CI:1.011～4.813),Keep bending sharply for a long time(OR=1.544,95%CI:1.305～1.972),frequent large turn(OR=1.523,95%CI:1.298～1.916),cold temperature change in working environment(OR=1.621,95%CI:1.386～2.000)and unable to rely on external objects(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.349～1.996).Physical load and posture load were the main influencing factors.In the multivariate analysis of neck,the prevalence of neck MSDs was mainly related to neck posture,while working in an uncomfortable position(OR=1.547,95%CI:1.299～2.000),frequent neck tilt(OR=1.132,95%CI:1.312～1.907)and night shift(OR=1.564,95%CI:1.339～1.939)are risk factors of neck MSDs.Workers had more than 10 years of service(OR=1.525,95%CI:1.105～1.967),Cold and large temperature changes working environment(OR=1.450,95%CI:1.207～1.975),Lift heavy objects with one hand objects(OR=1.421,CI:1.187～1.951),standing frequently(OR=2.760,95%CI:1.152～6.611)and using vibration tools(OR=2.958,95%CI:1.255～6.972)are the main risk factors of knee MSDs,while regular walking at work(OR=0.445,95%CI:0.207～0.953)was the protective factor of knee MSDs.3 The humidity in the working environment of the workers is high,the relative humidity of the fully mechanized mining face could reach 80%,the average temperature was about 18 degrees Celsius,and the vibration exposure was 4.7 m/s~2 and 4.9 m/s~2,closing to the national occupational exposure limit.Conclusions 1 the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal diseases in the occupational population of this coal mine was relatively high.Among the many parts of the survey,the prevalence rate of MSDs in waist,neck and knee ranks were in the top three,and there were many risk factors in work.Heavy duty operation,lifting weights,repeated bending and turning,uncomfortable posture and the use of vibration tools had different effects on the occurrence of MSDs in workers.2 the waist was the part with the highest prevalence rate,which is mainly affected by physical load,so we should pay attention to the protection of workers’waist.3 proper walking was the protective factor of workers’knee MSDs,which could increase the frequency of workers’exercise,such as setting up interval exercises to promote workers’exercise and increase workers’musculoskeletal endurance to fatigue.Figure 0;Table 23;Reference 118...