Research On Low Frequency Vibration Minimally Invasive Bone Drill Technology

Bone drilling is an important step in surgery.The cutting heat during drilling can easily cause high temperature in the cutting area,which can cause irreversible damage to bone tissue.On the other hand,the larger axial force and torque produced during drilling can easily damage bone structure and tool,thus causing secondary damage to human body.Excessive temperature rise and excessive axial force will lead to loosening of the fixation screw,resulting in internal and external fixation and prosthesis failure.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes introducing low-frequency vibration into drilling process and makes a preliminary study on it.The main contents are as follows:(1)The process of heat generation and transmission during bone drilling is analyzed;the state of heat dissipation of bone under low frequency vibration is studied;the trajectory of twist drill is analyzed when low frequency vibration is applied,and the effective time of vibration drilling is calculated simply.The shape and size of bone debris were observed under different drilling methods,and the causes of high temperature in ultrasonic vibration drilling were analyzed.(2)The variation of temperature rise under different rotational speed,feed and three drilling modes was studied by test method,and the axial force and torque during drilling were also studied.The test results show that the low frequency vibration assisted drilling can effectively reduce temperature rise,axial force and torque.Taguchi design method and corresponding surface design method were used for statistical analysis of temperature rise.(3)The three-dimensional finite element model of twist drill is established,and the effects of rotational speed,feed speed and drilling form on temperature rise are analyzed.The influence of frequency and amplitude on temperature is analyzed when drilling with low frequency vibration;the stress distribution under different drilling methods is analyzed;and the advantages of low frequency vibration drilling form are verified by simulation test.Comparing the simulation results with the experimental results,the error is within a certain range,which proves the validity of the simulation results.