The Role Of Short Tandem Repeat Polymorphism In The Diagnosis Of Hydatidiform Mole

Objective: To explore the clinical value of short tandem repeat polymorphism in the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole.Methods: A total of 66 patients with suspected HM were selected from Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University from January 2017 to December 2020.Tissue specimens were tested using traditional histopathological methods,P57 immunohistochemical staining and STR polymorphism detection methods,and analyze whether the histopathological diagnosis results,P57 immunohistochemical staining results and STR polymorphism detection results were consistent.Results: 1.The results of histopathological diagnosis were as follows: Among 66 patients suspected HM,51 cases were diagnosed as HM,including 34 cases of CHM and 17 cases of PHM;15 cases were diagnosed as non-HM abortion.2.The expression results of P57 protein detected by immunohistochemical staining were as follows: Among 66 patients,40 cases of P57 protein expression were negative,which can be diagnosed as CHM;26cases of P57 protein expression were positive,which can be diagnosed as PHM or non-HM.3.The results of STR polymorphism detection were as follows: 46 cases were consistent with HM,including 42 cases of CHM(39 cases of single precision homozygous type and 3 cases of double precision homozygous type)and 4 cases of PHM(double precision homozygous type);there were 20 cases of non-HM abortion,including13 cases of diploid edematous abortion and 7 cases of trisomy.4.The comparison of three kinds of detection results was as follows:(1)The negative expression rate of P57 protein in CHM was 88.2%(30/34),and the positive expression rate in PHM and non-HM was 76.5%(13/17)and 60.0%(9/15).Compare the expression of P57 protein in CHM,PHM and non-HM,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)The coincidence rates of histopathological results of CHM,PHM and non-HM with STR polymorphism detection were 71.4%(30/42),25.0%(1/4)and 35.0%(7/20).The histopathological results were compared with the results of STR polymorphism detection,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the consistency between them was low(Kappa value was 0.23).(3)Among 42 cases whose STR polymorphism test result was CHM,except for 2 cases of CHM with weak positive expression of P57 protein,the other 40 cases of P57 protein expression were negative;A total of 24 cases were diagnosed as PHM or non-HM by STR gene polymorphism testing,and the expression of P57 protein was positive.The coincidence rate between the results of P57 immunohistochemistry and STR polymorphism was 97.0%(64/66),and the consistency between them was high.Conclusions: 1.The detection of short tandem repeat polymorphism can make up for the shortcomings and errors of histopathology and P57 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole,so as to avoid missed diagnosis,misdiagnosis and overdiagnosis.2.The detection of short tandem repeat polymorphism can identify the genetic material of hydatidiform mole,which can be used for the accurate diagnosis and subclassification of hydatidiform moles,and provide guidance for clinical treatment and prognosis of patients.