| Organic cultivation can realize the green,high-quality,safe and efficient production of facility vegetables,and truly realize the sustainable development of agriculture.The greenhouse all-organic cultivation technology using organic medium and organic nutrient solution is one of the most effective ways to realize the organic cultivation of greenhouse vegetables.The organic nutrition is rich and comprehensive,with the dual attributes of growth promotion and disease resistance.The whole growth process "zero" the use of chemical fertilizers,which improves the quality of vegetable products and realizes the high-quality and efficient production of facility vegetables.Based on the activation and release of nutrients in the fully-organic facility cultivation mode,this research explores the balanced state of nutrient supply in organic cultivation,realizes the precise management of organic nutrient solutions,and provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality and high-yield of greenhouse vegetables.The main study is as follows:1.In order to screen the best microbial agents to promote the nutrient release of organic medium,to meet the nutrient requirements of organically cultivated tomatoes,and to promote high quality and high yield of tomatoes.In this study,"Babaoli" tomato was used as the test material,and the organic nutrient solution was potted in an organic medium.A total of 8 treatments were set up with 7 kinds of microbial agents and no microbial agents(control,CK).Through the analysis of different treatment medium nutrient content,medium enzyme activity,plant photosynthetic characteristics and other indicators,explore the effects of different microbial agents on the accumulation,yield and quality of organic tomato fruit in the greenhouse.The results showed that the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in the organic medium and the content of available potassium in the middle and late stages of tomato growth were significantly increased compared with the control after adding microbial agents.The total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium content of tomato fruits after the compound microbial agent treatment were significantly higher than other treatments.The activities of urease and invertase increased by 16.4%～67.7% and 10.2%～61.7%,respectively,and the net photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves increased.8.0%～19.9%,the chlorophyll content also increased significantly,this treatment has the best photosynthetic performance.Compared with the control,the yield of tomatoes increased by 7.3% to 26.2%,and the yield increased by more than 20% when treated with Bacillus jelly-like and compound microbial agents.Tomato fruit shape index,soluble solids,reducing sugar and vitamin C content all increased significantly.The microbial agents promote the nutrient release of the organic medium and increase the activity of related enzymes,thereby promoting the nutrient utilization and growth of tomato plants,improving the photosynthetic performance of the leaves,and ultimately improving the yield and quality.Among them,Bacillus jelly and the compound microbial agent has the best effect on the high yield and quality of tomatoes,and can be applied to the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of tomatoes.2.In order to explore the balanced supply of nutrients for all-organic nutrient cultivation of cherry tomatoes,pursue the goal of green and high-quality cultivation,and achieve precise management of all-organic cultivation.In this study,"Fortesa" tomato was used as the test material.Use organic medium bags to grow tomatoes,and supplement nutrients by watering organic nutrient solution.Two organic nutrient solution formulas were set up: F1(pig,cow,sheep manure extract volume ratio 2:1: 1),F2(pig,cattle,sheep manure extract volume ratio 4:1:1),the two formulas are mixed and diluted to the same N element content in the Yamazaki nutrient solution;3 kinds of organic nutrient solutions are supplied Quantity: M1(flowering and fruit setting period 0.6 L/plant,fruit maturity period: 1.4L/plant),M2(flowering fruit setting period 0.8 L/plant,fruit maturity period 1.2 L/plant),M3(flowering fruit setting period 1.0 L/plant,fruit mature 1.0 L/plant),the fertilization time should be kept the same.The two factors were coupled to obtain 6 treatments,and the Yamazaki nutrient solution formula was used as the control(CK).By analyzing the nutrient content,photosynthetic characteristics and final fruit yield and quality in different periods,the influence of the organic nutrient solution formula and stage supply on the growth of fully-organized tomatoes in greenhouse was analyzed to meet the nutrient requirements of cherry tomatoes in different growth periods.The results showed that during the flowering and fruit-bearing period,the nutrient content of the F2 formula medium was higher than that of the F1 treatment,and the content of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in the substrate of the F2 formula applied 1.0 L of organic nutrient solution each time reached the maximum.During the fruit maturity period,the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium reached the maximum in each application of 1.4 L of the F2 formula.Each application of 1.2 L of organic nutrient solution plant dry matter reaches the maximum.Reduce nutrient supply during flowering and fruit setting,and increasing nutrient supply during fruit maturity can increase the transfer and distribution of plant organs and plant total nutrient elements,increase the contribution rate of each nutrient organ to fruit nitrogen and potassium,and increase tomato leaf Photosynthetic performance.Organic nutrient solution treatment can increase the soluble solids,lycopene and total soluble sugar content in tomato fruits compared with inorganic nutrient solution.The content of soluble solids and total soluble sugar of F1 treatment was better than that of F2 treatment,and the tomato yield and vitamin content of F2 treatment were higher than that of F1 treatment.The content of vitamin C,lycopene and total soluble sugar in cherry tomato fruits of M1 and M2 treatment were significantly higher than that of M3 treatment,and the fruit nitrate content was significantly lower than that of M3 treatment.The cherry tomato yield after F1M2 treatment was significantly higher than that of F1M1 and F1M3.Decreasing the supply of organic nutrient solution during flowering and fruit setting,and increasing the supply of organic nutrient solution during fruit maturity can promote the nutrient absorption and transportation and dry matter accumulation of tomato plants,improve the photosynthetic performance of the plant during the fruiting period,and improve the quality of cherry tomatoes.Comprehensive consideration of tomato yield and quality,F1 treatment has better tomato flavor quality,F2 treatment has better tomato yield and nutritional quality,and M2(flowering and fruit setting period 0.8 L/plant,fruit maturity period 1.2 L/plant)treatment of cherry tomato yield and it has the best quality and can be used for high-quality and high-yield cultivation of organic tomatoes. |
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