| Organic cultivation is an important way to improve product quality.Cultivation of special varieties for organic cultivation and development of supporting organic nutrient solution are the key technical measures to achieve efficient production of organic cultivation.In this experiment,the total organic nutrient cultivation mode of organic substrate combined with organic nutrient solution was adopted.The comparative experiment of watermelon hybrid combinations and varieties and the screening experiment of organic nutrient solution formula were carried out in greenhouse and greenhouse(1)Experiment on hybrid combination of watermelon in greenhouse.The comprehensive evaluation of growth characteristics,yield and quality of 24 watermelon varieties and hybrid combinations,which belong to Jingxin,Xinong 8,Zaochunhongyu,Xiaolan and Hongxiaoyu,was studied by using organic substrate combined with organic nutrient solution.The important growth and development cycles such as fruit development period and whole growth period,growth characteristics such as growth potential and fruit setting difficulty,yield indexes such as single fruit weight and yield per hectare,and quality indexes such as soluble solids and soluble sugar in the center and edge of fruit were analyzed.The subjective analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and objective entropy weight method were used to weight each single fruit quality index,and then the combination weight method based on game theory was used to calculate the weight of each index.Finally,the TOPSIS method was used to comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality of each watermelon hybrid combination.The results showed that‘1807wme167’had the best precocity;The results showed that all the crosses had strong growth vigor and easy fruit setting.The thickness of peel of‘1712wme237’was the thinnest,6.92 mm;‘1807wme339’had the thinnest pericarp,which was 3.04 mm.The soluble solid content of‘1807wme338’was the highest in the hybrid combination.The soluble solid content in the center was 11.32%,and that in the edge was 8.77%.According to the comprehensive analysis of fruit quality,the hybrid combinations with the highest comprehensive quality evaluation values under the two cultivation modes were‘1812wme001’and‘1807wme338’,which were most suitable for all organic nutrition bag cultivation in greenhouse.(2)Study on hybrid combination of watermelon in solar greenhouse.The results showed that‘Sumeng RS66-57’had the best precocity.The yield index of‘Suchuang907-147’was the best,the single fruit weight and yield per hectare were 3.25 kg and 5.41kg/m~2respectively.The content of soluble solids in the center of‘Sumeng 6 hao’was the highest,reaching 13.53%.It was verified that the cultivation mode of all organic nutrient bag substrate was better than that of soil cultivation combined with organic nutrient solution.The results showed that the total content of volatile substances in‘Suchuang907-124’was the highest,and its aroma was the strongest‘Sumeng RS66-57’has the highest content of characteristic aroma compounds,and its flavor has the most watermelon fragrance and watermelon peel aroma.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of watermelon fruit quality and volatile matter content by fuzzy membership function value method,three watermelon hybrid combinations with the best quality and flavor were determined as‘Sumeng 6 hao’,‘Sumeng 907-099’and‘Sumeng 907-032’under the full organic nutrition bag cultivation in solar greenhouse.(3)Effects of different watermelon hybrid combinations and different nutrient solutions on yield and quality of watermelon.Nine treatments were formed by using three best watermelon hybrid combinations selected from sunlight greenhouse and applying three different organic nutrient solutions.The results showed that,from the perspective of formula,the organic nutrient solution formula based on pig manure could promote the growth and development of watermelon,improve the fruit quality,and coordinate the nutrient allocation of each growth period better than the other two formulas.From the point of variety,the best variety was‘Sumeng 907-032’.In conclusion,the optimal treatment was pig manure combined with‘Sumeng 907-032’. |
