| Aiming at the problems of single cherry tomato variety,high substrate cost.low utilization rate of agricultural waste,and environmental deterioration caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers in facility cultivation,cherry tomato variety screening experiments and research on the coupling effect of nutrient solution irrigation and substrate were carried out.First,11 cherry tomato varieties were screened based on conventional composite substrates;secondly,three cultivation substrates were set under two nutrient solutions,organic(O)and inorganic(1)irrigation,respectively,peat substrate(P)(control).decomposed corn stalk substrate(S)and decomposed corn stalk+compost raw material composite substrate(SR),two consecutive cultivations of cherry tomato.The purpose is to clarify:the effect of nutrient solution and composite substrate on the growth,quality and yield of cherry tomato;the effect of nutrient solution and composite substrate on the physical and chemical properties of the substrate;to screen out cherry tomatoes with different fruit colors suitable for facility cultivation in Northwest China.Tomato provides the choice of nutrient solution and substrate formula,and provides theoretical basis and technical support for the high-quality production of cherry tomato.The results of the study are as follows:(1)In the variety selection test.the varieties with soluble solid content>10%are:Jinfei,DL-134,of which Jinfei is 10.58%;the varieties with soluble sugar content>20%are:Fengxing 3,DL-134 134 and Qianxi.of which Fengxing 3 reached 25.74%;the varieties with the highest vitamin C content were Qiande xiaohong and DL-134.Compared with the Qianxi.the yield of DL-134,DL-111,Xiangfei 12 and Jinfei increased by 30.66%,22.58%,18.42%and 17.99%respectively.The topranked varieties of red.pink and orange fruit colors are:DL-134,Fengxing 3 and Jinfei.(2)Adding 20%immature compost material to the substrate reduces the pH substantially.increases the relative growth rate of tomato seedlings by 19.25 percent,increases subterranean biomass by 12 percent,and increases the GI by 5.77 percent when compared to no immature compost material.When adding immature raw materials to straw,a mass ratio of 20%is recommended.(3)S and SR can greatly enhance the fresh weight of underground portions when compared to P.In the autumn and winter,irrigation with organic nutrient solution enhanced the quantity of soluble sugar and vitamin C while decreasing the content of nitrate in the P and SR treatments.Under the same nutrient solution irrigation,the contents of soluble solids and vitamin C in the two treatments of SR and S were significantly higher than those of P,with an increase of 0.52%-11.35%and 26.51%51.59%,respectively;the content of soluble sugar in the two treatments of SR was significantly higher than that of P.P;in the early spring stubble,the organic nutrient solution irrigation significantly increased the yield;in the autumn and winter stubble,the yield of S treatment was significantly higher than that of P under both nutrient solution irrigation.Multivariate analysis of variance showed that nutrient solution and substrate treatment in early spring had significant and consistent effects on indicators other than soluble sugar and organic acid,and the influence of substrate on quality indicators in autumn and winter was higher than that of nutrient solution.(4)Organic nutrient solution irrigation considerably increased substrate pH as compared to inorganic nutrient solution irrigation;when compared to control,P,S,and SR all significantly elevated pH.Organic nutrient solution irrigation considerably reduced substrate accessible nutrients when compared to inorganic nutrient solution irrigation.The total nitrogen content and organic matter content of S and SR were significantly lower than those of P,and the content of fast phosphorus and fast potassium in S and SR were significantly higher than those of P.The comprehensive analysis results based on nutrient indicators showed that Po treatment ranked the lowest in both crops.The multivariate analysis of variance showed that the nutrient solution irrigation had a significant effect on all nutrient indexes,and the influence of the substrate on the physical and chemical indexes was higher than that of the nutrient solution.The comprehensive analysis results of the two cropping substrate nutrients showed that the overall comprehensive score of the inorganic nutrient solution irrigation treatment was higher than that of the organic nutrient solution irrigation,and the comprehensive score of the maize straw substrate and the maize straw+raw material mixed substrate was better than that of the peat control. |
