| Industrial prosperity is an important content in the implementation of agricultural supply side reform and rural revitalization.Xinjiang’s unique advantages of light and heat,quality and geography provide a huge development space for the development of facility horticulture industry in this region.With abundant and stable solar and thermal resources and low cost of developing facilities and horticulture,the southern Xinjiang region has gradually evolved into a "bright spot industry" for the industrial advantage and the increase of income of the people in the southern Xinjiang.At present,it is the objective requirement of modern agricultural development,improvement of local economy and adjustment of planting structure in southern Xinjiang to vigorously develop the protected horticulture industry,and it is also the choice to explore and utilize resources and open the market.In the development of protected horticulture,improving quality and efficiency is the key concern.The main body of this paper is divided into four parts: the first part is to read and review domestic and foreign literature,determine the basic framework and thinking of the paper,and briefly introduce the relevant concepts and theories used in the paper;In the second part,the development scale,main varieties,technology application and business model of the protected horticulture industry in Xinjiang and its southern Xinjiang region are sorted out,and the shortcomings of the protected horticulture industry are further analyzed.The third part is based on the 396 questionnaires collected from the field survey of the protected horticulture in typical districts of the four prefectures of southern Xinjiang.The data are comprehensively sorted out and analyzed to screen and issue representative business models.The statistical data are used to analyze the input-output structure and economic benefits of different business organization models.In the fourth part,the technical efficiency of the sample data is empirical analyzed.The three-stage DEA model is used to measure the technical efficiency of different business models.The Tobit regression is used to analyze the influencing factors of the technical efficiency of different business models.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Analysis of the cost-benefit structure of the operation mode shows that in terms of input,the cost of peasant households is the highest,while the leading enterprise mode and the cooperative mode are both relatively low;In terms of sales income,> farmer > cooperative,the leading enterprise,has a relatively high sales volume of farmers,but its labor cost is relatively high,so its profit is still at the lowest level.On the contrary,the cooperative has less investment than the farmer,so its profit is still at a higher level,which is better than the farmer’s self-supporting mode.Leading enterprise mode is high input and high output.Although its fixed assets input,means of production input and labor input are all high,its sales are also high,and the overall profit is the best.(2)The empirical analysis found that the DEA calculation results in the first stage were that the efficiency value of > cooperative > farmers was 0.834,0.748 and 0.612,and the return to scale was increasing.In the second phase,SFA found that regional economic development(high standard base construction),plant tomato production subsidies and technical training had a significant positive impact on the technical efficiency of plant tomato production.In the third stage,after removing the influence of environmental factors and random factors,the comprehensive technical efficiency of the leading enterprise > cooperative > farmers from high to low order,but the comprehensive technical efficiency of the farmer,the cooperative and the leading enterprise decreased to 0.196,0.015 and 0.013,respectively,the decrease of the farmer is more obvious.(3)After eliminating the influence of environmental factors and random factors,Tobit regression model was used to test the factors leading to the difference of technical efficiency of tomato production in facilities.It was found that age,education level and ratio of tomato planting income of decision makers in facilities had significant positive effects on technical efficiency of tomato production in facilities.The planting years had a significant negative effect on the technical efficiency of tomato production in the facility.Based on the comparative analysis of input-output between different modes of protected horticulture and the measurement of technical efficiency,on the basis of improving the planting benefit and technical efficiency of farmers,countermeasures and suggestions will be put forward from the following aspects:(1)Scientific and reasonable layout,establish sales markets nearby,create local products,and then give full play to their sightseeing tourism,release the maximum economic benefits,and gradually form a good industrial layout;(2)Increase the investment of human capital.Facilities horticulture is a modern agriculture that integrates high technology and high labor.Producers need to have professional skills and quality to carry out production smoothly.(3)Guide farmers to join the new management organization mode,and the effective participation of farmers in the new production and management organization mode is also the key step of the production and management mode of protected horticulture;Participating in the new business model can overcome the problems encountered in the process of independent production.In the process of guiding farmers to participate,it also helps farmers to change the traditional production mode through modern production management.(4)Shaping a good market environment,creating a good production environment,good production environment and strong management skills can significantly improve the technical efficiency of facility horticulture production,but also to a great extent to mobilize the enthusiasm of all kinds of subjects engaged in facility horticulture production. |
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