Effects Of Uniconazole On The Growth And Development Of Grape

In this experiment,five grape varieties,including ‘Zhuosexiang’,‘Bixiang Wuhe’,‘Balado Red’,‘Shine Muscat’ and ‘Xiangyue’,were used as experimental materials.The treatment concentration of Uniconazole sprayed were set as S1(100mg/L),S2(200mg/L)and S3(300mg/L),and the treatment of spraying water was used as control.The effect of each treatment on the biological and economic properties of grapes was investigated and analyzed.With ’Zhuosexiang’ as the test material,we carried out the analysis of the expression of five genes closely related to nitrogen metabolism by spraying Uniconazole,and preliminary exploration on the regulation mechanism on the growth of new shoots from gene level.The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Uniconazole on grape shoot growth,flower bud differentiation and fruit quality,to provide a scientific basis for the reasonable application of Uniconazole in high-quality and efficient grape production,and to provide support for the in-depth study of the effects of Uniconazole on grape growth and development.The main results in this study are as follows.Uniconazole can inhibit the growth of new shoots of grapes,promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality.The effect of Uniconazole was related to grape varieties and treatment concentrations.1.Uniconazole has an inhibitory effect on the growth of grape accessory shoots.The S3 treatment had the most significant effect on controlling the shoots of ‘Zhuosexiang’,and the length of the accessory shoots was 55.97% shorter than that of the control;under the S2 treatment,the length of the accessory shoots of the ‘Balado Red’ was shortened by 38.7%compared with the control.2.Uniconazole treatment increases the relative chlorophyll content of leaves,reduces leaf area,and improves ventilation and light transmission.The leaf area of ‘Zhuosexiang’ under S3 treatment was reduced by 39.42%;the relative chlorophyll content was increased by 13.89%.Under S2 treatment,the leaf area of ‘Balado Red’ was reduced by 14.60%;the relative chlorophyll content was increased by 6.73%.The leaf area of ‘Shine Muscat’ was reduced by20.49% under S1 treatment.3.Treatment can increase the germination rate of grapes to varying degrees.S2 treatment increased the germination rate of ‘Xiangyue’ grape by 25.67%;S3 treatment increased the germination rate of ‘Zhuosexiang’ by 21.26%,and the germination rate of ‘Shine Muscat’increased by 16.43%.4.Uniconazole can significantly increase the size and weight of the fruit,improve the fruit shape index,increase the nutrient content of the fruit,and make the fruit taste richer.The soluble solids of ‘Balado Red’ increased by 13.72% under S3 treatment.The soluble sugar of ‘Bixiang Wuhe’ increased by 50.12% under S2 treatment.Under S3 treatment,the solid-acid ratio of‘Zhuosexiang’ increased by 9.09%;vitamin C increased by 69.65%.S3 treatment has the most significant effect on improving fruit quality.5.The storage nutrient content of one-year-old branches increased after treatment,and the effect of S3 treatment was the most significant.In terms of soluble sugar,the ‘Zhuosexiang’increased by 60.73% under S3 treatment.In terms of starch,the ‘Shine Muscat’ increased by64.77% under S3 treatment.In terms of protein,‘Balado Red’ increased by 184.35% under S3 treatment.In terms of amino acids,the ‘Bixiang Wuhe’ increased by 146.89% under S3 treatment.6.Uniconazole treatment effectively shortens the length of annual mature shoots.Under S1 treatment,the annual mature shoot length of ’Shine Muscat’ was shortened by 13.02%;under S2 treatment,‘Bixiang Wuhe’ was shortened by 15.58%;under S3 treatment,‘Zhuosexiang’ and‘Xiangyue’ were shortened by 2.88% and 14.94 %.7.VvNiR may be the main gene that affects the growth of new shoots in response to the regulation of ‘Zhuosexiang’ grapes.The expression of Vv Ni R was down-regulated for a long time after the application of Uniconazole and it remained effective all the time.