Effects Of Formulated Fertilization On Shoot Growth And Flower Bud Differentiation Of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao

Rutaceae Zanthoxylum is a small deciduous tree.It is not only an important ecological tree but also a promising economic tree.It is one of the long edible spices in the southwest of China.It is also a dual-purpose traditional Chinese medicine.It is of high edible and health value.It occupies a very important economic and ecological position in Sichuan.Zanthoxylum armatum has good market prospect,but because of low productivity and immature management technology,the development of Zanthoxylum armatum industry is restricted.A new cultivar of Zanthoxylum armatum'Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'was studied,the orthogonal design was used to set up 3 factors,including N,P and K fertilizer,and 4 levels,and a total of16 treatments.The effects of different fertilizers on the branch growth and flower bud differentiation of'Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao'were studied.The variation of inclusion in the bud and the difference between different fertilization treatments were explored.Hope to provide scientific theoretical basis for high yield cultivation of Zanthoxylum armatum.The results showed that:?1?There were certain differences in the effects of different fertilization treatments on branch length,branch diameter,branch number,segment spacing and flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.Proper fertilization could promote the branch growth,increase the branch diameter and branch number,shorten the segment spacing,and increase flower bud differentiation rate of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.Fertilization has different effects on promoting branch length.Treatment of 12?N₂P₃K₁?has the best effect on branch growth and flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.?2?There were certain differences in the effects of different fertilization treatments on soluble sugar,soluble protein,C/N ratio and POD activity in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.Proper fertilization promoted the accumulation of nutrients,increased the C/N ratio and the activity of POD.Treatment of 12?N₂P₃K₁?best promoted the accumulation in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.?3?There were differences in endogenous hormones in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao between different fertilization treatments.Proper fertilization promoted the accumulation of ABA,inhibited the accumulation of GA and IAA in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.Treatment 12?N₂P₃K₁?best promoted the accumulation of ABA and inhibited accumulation of GA and IAA in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.?4?High levels of soluble sugar,soluble protein,carbon and nitrogen ratio,ABA,ABA/GA,IAA/GA and?ABA+IAA?/GA promoted bud differentiation in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao,and high levels GA and IAA inhibited flower bud differentiation in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.The highest correlation index of flower bud differentiation rate is soluble protein of inclusions,GA of endogenous hormone index,and ABA/GA of hormone ratio.?5?Through fitting the ternary quadratic model of the total number of buds?Y=December branches number multiplied by buds number of standard branches?and the amount of fertilizer?x₁-N;x₂-P₂O₅;x₃-K₂O?,we got the equation:Y=15.963x₁+11.8086x₂+1.6711x₃–0.0205x₁x₂+0.0219x₁x₃+00.0521x₂x₃–0.0721x₁²–0.1586x₂²–0.0191x₃².According to this equation,when 99.1 g N per tree?55.1 g P₂O₅ per tree and 158.9 g K₂O per tree,it is the best to promote the flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.In summary,proper fertilization promoted the branch growth and the rate of bud differentiation,and promoted the accumulation of soluble sugar and soluble protein in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao,increased the C/N ratio of bud and POD activity of bud,promoted the accumulation of ABA in the bud of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao and inhibited the accumulation of GA and IAA.Among them,treatment of 12?N₂P₃K₁?had the best effect on branch growth and flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.High levels of soluble sugar,soluble protein and ABA promoted flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.High levels of GA and IAA inhibited flower bud differentiation of Hanyuan Putao Qingjiao.