Effects Of Flower Bud Differentiation And Quality Of Chongqing Green Crisp Plum On Fruit Development

In the process of fruit tree growth and development,flower bud differentiation is an important stage,which is the process of fruit tree transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.Flower bud differentiation is the premise of fruit growth and development,and is closely related to fruit yield and quality.Therefore,only by accurately grasping the flower bud differentiation law of the local green crisp plum,and understanding the relationship between fruit development and early ovary development and cell changes,can further progress be made.Propose reasonable management measures to achieve high yield,high quality and improve economic benefits.In this experiment,the green crisp plum from Baiyun Mountain orchard in Xinglong Town,Yubei District was used as the test material,and the method of paraffin section was used to observe the flower bud differentiation process of green crisp plum,grasp the differentiation law,and explore content of the nutrient metabolites in the process of flower bud differentiation.In this study,the fruiting branches of Chongqing green crisp plum were divided into strong branches and slender branches according to their length and thickness.The effect of the quality difference of flower bud development on the two fruiting branches on the fruit volume was studied respectively.At the same time,different types of fruiting branches in corresponding periods were determined nutrient metabolites and their effects on flower bud differentiation quality and fruit development.The results of the study are as follows:1.The flower bud differentiation of Chongqing green crisp plum has gone through six stages: undifferentiated stage,early stage of flower bud differentiation,sepal primordium differentiation stage,petal primordium differentiation stage,stamen primordium differentiation stage,and pistil primordium differentiation stage.The morphological characteristics of the florets are obvious,and all of them are overlapped and overlapped.There is no significant boundary between the differentiation stages.On Baiyun Mountain,Xinglong Town,Yubei District,with an altitude of 561.9 m,around July 8,it was in the physiological differentiation period of flower buds.The morphological differentiation of flower buds began in mid-July and ended at the end of October,which lasted 108 days.Green crisp plum flower buds entered the early stage of morphological differentiation on July 16;sepal primordium differentiation on July29;petal primordium differentiation on September 2;stamen primordium differentiation on September 9;and stamen primordia on September 24 It entered the pistil primordium differentiation period until the end of October,and the pistil primordium was basically differentiated.2.When the flower buds of Chongqing green crisp plum were in the physiological differentiation stage,the content of soluble sugar,starch,CTK and amino acid in the vegetative organs gradually accumulated,which was helpful for the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth of green crisp plum.In the early stage of flower bud morphological differentiation,the content of soluble sugar,starch and amino acids decreased;studies have shown that high levels of soluble sugar and starch in vegetative organs during the process of flower bud morphological differentiation are conducive to the differentiation of petal primordium,resulting in high content of amino acids in branches.It is beneficial to the differentiation of sepal primordia,stamen primordia and pistil primordia.The high levels of CTK,CTK/GA and low levels of GA in the vegetative organs during the flower bud differentiation process of the green crisp plum are beneficial to the differentiation of flower bud primordia;however,in the early stage of flower bud morphological differentiation,the GA content of the shoots showed an upward trend.It is speculated that the GA content of the shoots A moderate increase is beneficial to the onset of morphological differentiation.3.Plum is a drupe fruit,and the development of ovary is closely related to the quality of flower bud development,but also to fruit development.In this study,there were differences in the ovary development of different types of fruiting branches.Before and after flowering,the ovary vertical and horizontal diameter,cell number and volume showed the order of strong branches > slender branches.During the fruit ripening stage,there were differences in the development of fruits on the two fruiting branches,which showed that the final fruit size and single fruit weight on the robust branches > the final fruit size and single fruit weight on the slender branches,and the number and volume of fruit cells on the strong branches > the slender branches.The number and volume of fruit cells.Studies have shown that fruit volume and weight are not only related to its own cell number and vertical and horizontal diameter,but also affected by the number and volume of ovary cells.Combined with the comparison of the differences in ovary development and the final volume of the fruit between two different fruiting branches The analysis showed that the quality of flower bud differentiation had a certain influence on the morphological development of fruit.4.During the ovary development period and the fruit development period,the contents of nutrient metabolites in different types of fruiting branches were also different,which was one of the reasons for the difference in the quality of flower bud development,which in turn affected fruit development.During the development of the ovary before and after flowering,the contents of soluble sugar,starch,CTK and amino acids showed the order of strong branches > slender branches;in the process of fruit development,the development of fruit vertical and horizontal diameter and the soluble sugar content of fruiting branches were extremely high.Significant positive correlation,significant correlation with amino acid content,and positive correlation with CTK content.Studies have shown that the quality of ovary development is closely related to the nutritional and metabolic components of fruiting branches,and fruit development is also closely related to the content of nutritional and metabolic components of fruiting branches.