| With the implementation of the"poverty alleviation"strategy,the state has paid more and more attention to the rational planning and construction of rural settlements.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the state has proposed to adhere to the construction concept of"eco-friendly and environmentally friendly"rural housing,and put the re-planning of rural settlements in an important position.Most of state-level poverty-stricken counties are in mountainous regions.The distribution of rural settlements in typical poverty-stricken counties in Hengduan Mountains has become a key concern of the state’s process of"poverty alleviation".The evaluation of the suitability of rural settlements after the implementation of the"poverty alleviation"can effectively evaluate the existing results of the policy,and provide scientific guidance for the"rural revitalization"of poor counties in mountainous regions.This paper takes Puge County,a typical poor county in Hengduan Mountains,as a study area,and selects the period from 2015 to 2021 before and after the"poverty alleviation"as the research period to evaluate its effectiveness.Based on GF-1 remote sensing image in 2021,the basic data of land use in 2021 were obtained through visual interpretation and update of 2015 land use data.The spatial change and density characteristics of rural settlements in Puge County were analyzed by GIS spatial analysis method,transfer matrix and kernel density estimation method.AHP and entropy method were combined to evaluate the suitability of rural settlements synthetically,then the existing suitability was divided into grades and differentiated rural reconstruction suggestions were put forward.The results show that:（1）The new rural settlements in Puge county after poverty alleviation can be divided into four types:independent type,parallel type,row type and courtyard type.In 2015 and2021,area of rural settlements was 2230.85hm~2 and 2125.45hm~2 respectively,accounting for 1.17%and 1.12%of the total area respectively.During this time,the total area of rural settlements has decreased.Among the 34 towns and villages in the county,20 towns and villages have reduced the area of rural settlements,while 14 have increased.（2）The results of the ratio of settlement to farm land were divided into three categories.In 2015,man-land coordination type dominated and in 2021,fewer-people-with-more-land type was the most extensively scattered.From 2015 to 2021,the ratio of settlement to farm land of the county decreased as a whole,and the relationship between man and land has become more harmonious.（3）From 2015 to 2021,the area of land of all types transformed into rural settlements was 1302.32hm~2,and the area of rural settlements transformed into other land types was 1413.22hm~2.Arable land was the largest in and out of the land category,though urban land has not been converted into rural settlements.（4）Rural settlements in Puge County are mainly distributed in the elevation of 1500-2500m,the slope of 8-25°and the distance from the river is less than 1000m.The distribution of rural settlements is less dependent on main roads（provincial and county roads）.（5）From 2015 to 2021,rural settlements became more concentrated.The high value areas of kernel density shifted to the bottom of the Y-shaped valley-Puji Town,the county seat.（6）According to the suitability of rural settlements,Puge County can be divided into unsuitable area,general suitable area,relatively suitable area and most suitable area.The most suitable area was the least,accounting for 14.67%,which is distributed in the inner side of the Y-shaped valley,and the other levels are distributed outwards.General suitable area is the most widely distributed,accounting for 35.34%of the total area.（7）According to the distribution of rural settlements in different suitability areas,the rural settlements can be divided into four types:cluster community developing type,construction potential enhancing type,advantages maintaining and limiting type,and ecology transforming and integrating type.More than 90%of rural settlements are distributed in the relatively suitable areas and most suitable areas,and only 0.44%in the unsuitable areas.The study summarizes the achievements of poverty alleviation in these four types of rural settlements and finds out the existing problems,and finally puts forward differentiated reconstruction strategies. |
