Analysis On The Spatial Heterogeneity Of The Aging Degree Of Urban Residential Areas And Its Causes

In the 1980 s and 1990 s,with the rapid growth of China’s population,the problem of housing shortage followed.In order to solve this problem,China built a large number of urban residential areas.With the passage of time,these residential areas have become ageing and declining,unable to meet the diverse needs of their inhabitants.In recent years,the government has paid more and more attention to the renewal of old residential areas.However,due to the large number and wide distribution of old residential areas,it is difficult to renew the plan.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the aging of the residential areas within the city.Explore the spatial distribution of old residential areas,and put forward targeted renovation suggestions for different cities and different districts.This paper divides the research scale into three levels: community,street and city,explores the performance of residential aging in different spatial scales,and analyzes the influencing factors of the spatial heterogeneity of aging degree of urban residential areas.Based on the literature review and the analysis of the status quo of old residential areas,this paper cuts into the four levels of theoretical analysis,research object determination,model construction and demonstration,and governance countermeasures,and constructs an analysis framework for the spatial heterogeneity and causes of aging degree of urban residential areas.In the model construction part,the dynamic analysis framework of " Pressure-State-Response " is used to construct the evaluation index system of aging degree of urban residential areas,and the AHP-entropy weight method is used to determine the weight.The median and the Shannon diversity index of the aging degree of the communities in the street are respectively used as the evaluation value and the diversity index of the aging degree of the residential area at the street level.The exploratory spatial data analysis has been used to construct the spatial heterogeneity of the aging degree of urban residential areas.The model reveals the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial heterogeneity pattern of the aging degree of urban residential areas from the overall and partial dimensions.Select 16 influencing factors to construct a geographic detector model to explore the influence mechanism of the spatial heterogeneity of aging degree of urban residential areas.In the empirical analysis part,this paper uses crawler technology to collect index data of 1824 communities in the five administrative districts of the main urban area of Harbin,converts it into discrete data according to the scoring standard,and analyzes it with the help of Arc GIS10.6,Geo Detector2015 and other software.The results show that the aging degree of residential areas at the community and street levels is centered on the city center within the second ring road,showing a radial downward trend.The results of the spatial heterogeneity model show that the aging degree of Harbin’s residential areas is spatially agglomerated.From a global perspective,the aging degree of residential areas at the street level presents a positive spatial autocorrelation.From a local point of view,the HH agglomeration area of Harbin is spatially concentrated and contiguous,with the largest number.It is mainly located in the second ring road and is the most aging area of the residential area.The results of the geo-detector model show that 9 of the 16 influencing factors have a significant impact on the spatial heterogeneity of aging degree of urban residential areas,and the agglomeration characteristics of aging have the greatest influence,which reflects the spatial agglomeration of urban residential aging will have an impact on the aging degree of urban residential areas,which proves that there is a risk of aging infection and spread among residential areas.Finally,based on the results of empirical research,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the time dimension,space dimension and system level of the aging governance of residential areas.