Study On PPP Applicability For Smart City Construction Projects

The "samrt" of the city is not achieved overnight.In practice,it generally starts from a single-function system,implements it separately,and evolves iteratively,which presents a wide variety of smart city construction projects.These projects require a lot of investment,but the government funds are limited.In order to speed up the construction of smart cities,many cities have introduced PPP(Public-Private Partnership).However,smart city construction projects are diverse in types and attributes,and PPP is not suitable for all the projects.If adopted indiscriminately,it may lead to the failure of the PPP project.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify which types of projects are suitable for PPP to ensure the orderly development of PPP market in the smart citie.In this paper,literature analysis,theoretical analysis,case analysis are used to systematically assess the applicability of PPP in smart city construction projects.According to the characteristics of the PPP project,a PPP applicability analysis method is developed—GOD(Goods-Operation-Delivery)analysis.That is,whether the PPP is applicable depends on the goods attributes of project,the operation attributes of project,and the delivery effectiveness of project.At the same time,three criteria are summarized.Firstly,goods attributes of a project are analyzed to determine whether it is necessary to use PPP to deliver the project based on the public goods theory.Secondly,operation attributes of project are analyzed to determine whether PPP cannot be applied for the project based on the public power theory.Finally,the delivery effectiveness of project is analyzed to determine whether priority is given to PPP based on the concept of comparative advantage.Through research on smart cities at home and abroad,the types of smart city construction projects have been identified.And then,According to the three criteria,the applicability of PPP in various construction projects was systematically analyzed.The final result shows that there are 8 types of projects that do not need to use PPP,such as regional energy integrated service platform,logistics public information platform,smart tourism integrated service platform,etc.8 types of projects cannot use PPP,such as smart transportation management system,government service integrated management platform,urban operation management center,etc.And the remaining 18 types of projects can use PPP,such as smart parking,smart lighting,smart pipe network,etc.However,the priority of PPP depends on the value for money analysis of the project.Regarding whether to give priority to PPP,taking a project in the field of smart education as an example,the delivery efficiency of the project is analyzed using the established value-for-money model,and concludes that PPP can be preferred according to the third criterion.Finally,it is confirmed that the three criteria can well aeesss the PPP applicability of smart city construction projects,which provides a reference for the application of PPP in smart city construction.The God analysis method proposed in this paper is universal.It is not only suitable for the smart city construction project,but also suitable for other fields of construction projects.In a word,God analysis can help the government to analyze the applicability of PPP.