| The research of rural settlement space originated in the 19 th century and has been widely concerned as a permanent subject.In recent years,the state has put forward major strategic plans such as the overall development of urban and rural areas,the construction of a new socialist countryside and rural revitalization,which is of great significance to the in-depth study of rural settlements.Due to the limitations of natural conditions and the lack of scientific planning,there are a series of problems in China’s rural areas,such as low efficiency of land use,scattered layout,backward infrastructure and so on,which have greatly affected the living standards of rural residents.Fuqing City is a typical economically developed county-level city in the southeast coastal area of China,with various landforms,rapid industrialization and urbanization,high level of development,and increasingly significant spatial differences in rural development.Therefore,the research on the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Fuqing is of practical significance to its rural development and has reference value for other counties and cities along the southeast coast.Taking Fuqing City as the research area,this paper selects the data of rural settlements in 2000 and 2017,and comprehensively uses the methods of GIS spatial analysis,landscape index and nuclear density to analyze the spatial pattern characteristics of rural settlements in Fuqing City from the two dimensions of time and space.Then use GIS technology and multiple linear regression model to explore the impact of natural factors,location factors and socio-economic factors on the spatial pattern of rural settlements,and analyze the problems existing in the current spatial pattern of rural settlements.Select appropriate indicators to build a rural settlement land suitability evaluation system,and take rural settlement patches as the evaluation unit to evaluate the suitability of rural settlement land in the whole city.Finally,according to the evaluation results and the development characteristics of each region,the development model and strategy of rural settlement space reconstruction are put forward.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)on the whole,the scale of rural settlement in Fuqing City is large,showing agglomeration distribution and significant spatial difference.In the spatial dimension,rural settlements are mainly concentrated in the plain areas of the south and southeast,showing a sparse distribution pattern of dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest.In the time dimension,the area and number of rural settlements show an increasing trend from 2000 to 2017,the scale continues to expand,the agglomeration trend is further strengthened,and the spatial difference is still significant.(2)the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Fuqing is formed under the joint action of natural factors and socio-economic factors.The river directivity and road directivity of the spatial distribution of rural settlements are very obvious,that is,the nearer to the river and road,the larger the settlement area.The elevation and slope have significant influence on the spatial distribution of the settlement,and the settlement is mainly divided into the plain platform area with the elevation below 50 m and the slope below 5 °.The growth of agricultural population and per capita disposable income is the direct cause of the expansion of rural settlements.Industrialization and urbanization further strengthen the agglomeration of rural settlements and affect the change of their internal spatial structure.(3)at present,there are some problems in the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Fuqing City: first,the land area of rural settlements is large,and most of them expand by occupying cultivated land.Second,the spatial difference of distribution is obvious,the settlement layout in the northwest is relatively scattered,and the land use efficiency is not high.Third,the rural construction has strong spontaneity and the phenomenon of idle land exists.(4)the condition of rural settlement land in Fuqing is generally good,and most of them belong to suitable type.According to the current characteristics of land use,the existing settlements are divided into four development models: urban-rural integration,key development,internal promotion and relocation,and put forward development strategies for different types of settlements in order to improve land use efficiency and promote rural development.improve the living conditions of rural residents. |
