| We live in an era of global aging.It is estimated that by 2050,the population of the elderly will soar to 1.964 billion,accounting for 21% of the world’s total population.In recent years,the aging situation in China has become increasingly serious.The number of semi-capable and semi-disabled old people has been increasing year by year,and the problem of residence and care has become more prominent and elderly people need institutions that can provide specialized medical,nursing,rehabilitation and health care services.In order to solve this problem,government departments and the National Health Commission have issued a number of policies,advocated the development and innovation of institutions combined medical care and healthy living,standardized industrial standards,and promoted the organic combination of medical care and healthy living services for old people.At present,the research on senior-living facilities providing both medical and daily living services is still in its preliminary stage,and the design of old-age care facilities and the old-age care service system in China are still in constant innovation and progress.How to design diversified nursing institutions combined medical care and healthy living is also an important topic for architects to think about and explore.At present,the research is mainly on the discussion of the types of nursing institutions combined with medical service and healthy living,the functional configuration and organizational streamline of medical treatment,and the landscape design of rehabilitation for the aged.However,there is a lack of research on the current environment situation of medical care and healthy living the combination depth of medical care and healthy living and the elders’ demands for medical care and healthy living environment.Under the mode of "the combination of medical care and healthy living",the development of nursing buildings for the elderly needs data support,combining demands and design strategies organically.The characteristics of the elderly should be considered,and we should collect the environmental data of institutions combined medical care and healthy living,analyze whether the current environment of these institutions meets the needs of the elderly,and optimize their medical care and healthy living environment in a targeted way.On the basis of literature review,this paper will summarize related policies of medical care and healthy living combination at home and abroad as well as the environment design concept,combined with present patterns and the main concerns of medical care and healthy living,put forward environmental assessment methods for institutions combined medical care and healthy living,which will be used in the empirical case study.This study makes a research on five institutions combined medical care and healthy living in Zhengzhou and Kaifeng,collects data through the field observation and questionnaire survey,analyses the elders’ feelings to the environment and cognitive evaluation qualitatively and quantitatively,and studies institution environmental situation and use evaluation respectively from the "medical care" and "healthy living" two angles.The main research contents include: A.Basic information of the institutions,such as the time and scale of the institution construction;B.Status quo of medical services,such as medical space configuration,combination depth of medical care and healthy living,and unsatisfactory medical services;C.Current status of health care services,such as living space,activity space,lighting satisfaction,quiet satisfaction,privacy satisfaction,etc.Based on the empirical research and data analysis,this paper summarizes the current environmental status and use satisfaction of medical care and healthy living combined institutions in Zhengzhou and Kaifeng.On this basis,the deficiencies of the current environment are summarized,and the building environment optimization strategies for institutions combined medical care and healthy living is put forward.Using the research method of evidence-based design,this paper puts forward the environmental assessment method for institutions combined medical care and healthy living.Taking medical care and healthy living combined institutions in Zhengzhou and Kaifeng as examples,this paper proposes the environment optimization strategies for buildings of institutions combined medical care and healthy living,which is of great significance to the construction and development of future elderly nursing environment. |
