| Traffic accidents directly or indirectly threaten personal safety,destabilize society and destroy urban safety.They cause serious economic losses to individuals and society and have a bad impact.They have always been the focus of attention of research institutions,urban management departments and the general public.Traffic accidents,as random events,tend to concentrate in certain specific areas in spatial distribution,showing specific laws,showing great correlation with urban factors such as road planning and design,surrounding architectural form,land use nature,and gradually lead to urban planning,urban safety,road traffic planning and urban geography.The attention of relevant scholars.Compared with big cities,because of the limitations of the development of small cities,it will cause many problems,such as imperfect traffic system,confusion of land use,low quality of drivers and so on.Small cities have gradually evolved into one of the places where traffic accidents occur frequently.Based on the data of traffic accidents in Lianyuan County in 2016,the spatial and temporal characteristics of traffic accidents in Lianyuan County,identification of hot spots of accidents and detection of spatial impact factors of traffic accidents are studied in this study,using the theory and research of traffic accidents at home and abroad for reference,and combining with spatial visualization methods such as GIS.On the basis of the above research,specific measures for traffic accident prevention and control are put forward from the perspective of urban planning and management.The article consists of six chapters.Chapter 1:introduction.Firstly,the research background of traffic accidents is introduced.Secondly,the literature of traffic accidents and spatial structure at home and abroad is sorted out.From the perspective of planning design and overall spatial layout of small cities,the internal causes of spatial difference distribution of traffic accidents are discussed in depth.Then it introduces the general situation of the research area,expounds the significance of the research,explains the research methods and data,and combs out the overall ideas of this study.The second chapter:traffic accident analysis.Firstly,the quantitative characteristics of all kinds of traffic accidents are analyzed,and then the time distribution differences of traffic accidents are studied.Finally,the spatial distribution of all kinds of traffic accidents is studied,including the spatial visualization of all kinds of traffic accident points,quadrat analysis,nuclear density analysis and three-dimensional trend surface analysis,etc.,to clarify the traffic accidents.Spatial distribution characteristics.The third chapter:hot spot identification and analysis of traffic accidents.Based on the results of nuclear density analysis,the traffic accident hotspots were identified.At the micro level,the traffic accident hotspots identified are taken as the research objects.The basic conditions of the roads,land use,buildings and space around the hotspots are investigated to understand the basic conditions of the accident hotspots and to analyze the causes of the formation of the accident hotspots from the micro-qualitative point of view.The fourth chapter explores the impact of various factors on traffic accidents.Based on the analysis of the impact factors of traffic accidents adopted in the relevant studies at home and abroad,combined with the actual situation of traffic accidents in the urban area of Lianyuan County and the study of the preceding chapters,the building area,commercial land area,length of main roads,intersection of main roads,main facilities,main residential areas and main ones of urban residential areas are determined.The working point is the detection factor.Using geographic detectors,the impact degree of different impact factors on traffic accidents is detected quantitatively and macroscopically.Four detection results are obtained.The impact of different impact factors on traffic accidents is explained in detail from aspects.The fifth chapter:from the perspective of urban planning and urban management,put forward specific measures for prevention and control of traffic accidents in Laiyuan county.According to the previous chapters and the current research situation at home and abroad,starting from the characteristics of small cities,this chapter puts forward specific measures for traffic accident prevention and control based on the proposed objectives and basic principles of traffic accident prevention and control,combined with the situation of Lianyuan County.The sixth chapter:conclusion and prospect.Summarize and summarize the full text and draw the main conclusions of the article.It is necessary to make clear the innovation and deficiency of the research on traffic accidents in Laiyuan County,and to look forward to the future research.The main conclusions include:from the point of spatial distribution,most of the traffic accidents in Lianyuan County occur on the "five horizontal and five vertical" trunk road network,showing obvious spatial differentiation,and traffic accidents in the densely distributed northeast of residential areas are concentrated and continuous.Different from the large urban traffic accident circle spatial pattern,the small urban traffic accident spatial distribution is closely related to the density of urban residential population and planning structure,showing a multi-core spatial pattern.The influencing factors of traffic accidents are as follows:main working point(0.478),main road length(0.378),main facility point(0.329),commercial land area(0.307),main road intersection(0.247),main residential point(0.244),residential building area(0.172).Because of the limited commercial vitality of small cities,the sensitivity of traffic accidents to commercial land is significantly lower than that of large cities,and the impact of major work places and the length of main roads on traffic accidents is more significant.Urban planning based on spatial arrangement plays an important role in the prevention and control of traffic accidents. |
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