Study On Seismic Adaptability Of Traditional Dwellings Of Ethnic Minorities In Yingjiang County

Yingjiang area is an area where seismicity is extremely frequent and ethnic minorities live together,and the earthquake disaster does serious harm to the ethnic minorities in Yingjiang.In the face of earthquake disasters that may occur at any time,Yingjiang ethnic minorities do not have developed technology and high-end technology to master and transform frequent earthquake disasters.In order to survive,they have to constantly accumulate experience in one earthquake after another and adapt to the environment of frequent earthquakes.Therefore,taking the traditional folk houses of ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area as the research object,for the purpose of discovering their seismic adaptability,combined with the methods of literature research,field investigation,interview,statistical analysis,structural mechanics analysis and comparative analysis,it can not only enrich the research on the adaptability of traditional residential buildings,but also provide an effective way for the construction of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of traditional residential buildings in earthquake-prone areas.First of all,based on the data of field investigation and interview,the existing traditional houses of ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area are summarized from three aspects: the characteristics of villages,the characteristics of traditional houses and the construction of traditional houses,and their main characteristics are compared.the relationship between them and the earthquake environment is analyzed.Furthermore,taking the earthquake disaster as the leading factor,this paper focuses on interpreting the seismic adaptability of ethnic minority traditional houses in Yingjiang area from a dynamic perspective,and sums up the static seismic adaptability characteristics of ethnic minority traditional houses in Yingjiang area.After the study,the main conclusions are as follows:（1）in order to adapt to the frequent earthquake environment,the ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area influence each other and make joint efforts,so that the main characteristics of their traditional dwellings are more similar and less different.（2）In order to adapt to the seismic environment,the traditional dwellings of ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area have dynamic seismic adaptability in four aspects: site selection,foundation treatment,structural system and material selection.Among them,there are four characteristics in site selection: sacrifice,divination,geomantic omen theory,and geological investigation.The changing process is manifested as sacrifice--divination--geomantic omen theory--geological investigation.In the treatment of site foundation,there are two characteristics: there is no foundation and there is a foundation.The change process is no foundation--there is a foundation.In the treatment of roof truss foundation,there are three characteristics: there is no column foot stone,column foot stone,column foot stone upgrade and transformation,and its change process is manifested as the upgrade and transformation of column foot stone--column foot stone--column foot stone;In terms of structural technology,it has two characteristics: binding and dipping,and its changing process is shown as binding and dipping.In the enclosure system,there are three characteristics: bamboo strip wall,wooden board wall,adobe wall and brick wall,and the change process is as follows: bamboo strip wall--wooden board wall and adobe wall--brick wall.In the selection of materials,there are two characteristics of local materials and fine selection,and its change process is the performance of local materials and fine selection.（3）Floor tiebeams,arch tiebeams,window openings and fire pond Spaces are the static seismic adaptability characteristics of the traditional dwellings of ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area.Their existence can make the traditional dwellings of ethnic minorities in Yingjiang area more adaptable to earthquakes.